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Pesticides in Streams of the United States--Initial Results from the National Water-Quality Assessment Program

By Steven J. Larson, Robert J. Gilliom, and Paul D. Capel

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4222
Sacramento, California, 1999

Table 2. Target compounds and their national agricultural use, rank, analytical recovery, method detection limit, and primary uses.

[Agricultural use data from Giannessi and Anderson, 1996. Analytical recovery and method detection limit from Zaugg and others, 1995. Information on primary uses from Gianessi and Anderson (1996), and Meister (1996). d-H, herbicide degradation product; H, herbicide; I, insecticide; d-I, insecticide degradation product; lb a.i., pound active ingredient; mg/L, microgram per liter; –, no United States agricultural use reported]

Compound

Type

National agricultural use, 1990-1993 (million lb a.i.)

Rank in top 200 agricultural pesticides

Percent analytical recovery

Method detection limit (mg/L)

Primary uses

2,6-Diethylaniline
    d-H
 -- -- 47 0.003

Degradation product of alachlor

Alachlor
    H
 26 7 113 0.002

Corn, soybeans, sorghum, peanuts

Atrazine
    H
 62 1 98 0.001

Corn, sorghum, sugarcane, pasture

Azinphos-methyl
    I
 2.4 48 13 0.001

Apples, cotton, almonds, sugarcane, ornamentals

Benfluralin
    H
 0.41 105 51 0.002

Peanuts, alfalfa, lettuce, turf

Butylate
    H
 7.7 19 84 0.002

Corn, sweet corn

Carbaryl
    I
 3.8 32 24 0.003

Corn, sorghum, soybeans, pecans, lawns, turf, ornamentals

Carbofuran
    I
 4.9 24 31 0.003

Corn, alfalfa, sorghum, soybeans

Chlorpyrifos
    I
 15 12 116 0.004

Corn, alfalfa, cotton, structural pest control

Cyanazine
    H
 29 3 71 0.004

Corn, cotton, sorghum, sweet corn

DCPA1
    H
 0.99 76 156 0.002

Lawns, ornamentals, onions, broccoli, cauliflower

p,p´-DDE
    d-I
 -- -- 113 0.006

Degradation product of DDT

Deethylatrazine (DEA)
    d-H
 -- -- 16 0.002

Degradation product of atrazine

Diazinon
    I
 1.5 62 84 0.002

Corn, almonds, alfalfa, sorghum, household insects, turf

Dieldrin
    I
 -- -- 90 0.001

Fruits, potatoes, tomatoes, structural pest control (banned in U.S.)

Disulfoton
    I
 1.6 60 82 0.017

Corn, wheat, potatoes, cotton

EPTC2
    H
 14 13 84 0.002

Corn, alfalfa, dry beans, potatoes

Ethalfluralin
    H
 2.4 47 102 0.004

Soybeans, dry beans sunflowers, peanuts

Ethoprop
    I
 1.2 67 84 0.003

Potatoes, corn, tobacco, sugarcane, turf

Fonofos
    I
 2.7 45 80 0.003

Corn, peanuts, potatoes, sweet corn, garden

a-HCH3
    d-I
 -- -- 95 0.002

Degradation product of lindane, component of technical grade HCH

Lindane
    I
 0.06 161 100 0.004

Pecans, cucumbers, squash, sweet corn

Linuron
    H
 1.9 54 22 0.002

Soybeans, carrots, cotton, potatoes, roadsides, fence rows

Malathion
    I
 3 40 71 0.005

Cotton, alfalfa, sorghum, rice, fruits, ornamentals

Methyl parathion
    I
 8.6 16 46 0.006

Cotton, sunflowers, corn, soybeans

Metolachlor
    H
 58 2 110 0.002

Corn, soybeans, sorghum, peanuts

Metribuzin
    H
 2.5 46 57 0.004

Soybeans, potatoes, alfalfa, sugarcane

Molinate
    H
 4.9 25 90 0.004

Rice

Napropamide
    H
 0.46 99 124 0.003

Tomatoes, tobacco, strawberries, sweet peppers

Parathion
    I
 1.9 55 58 0.004

Sorghum, sunflowers, corn, alfalfa

Pebulate
    H
 0.54 90 78 0.004

Tobacco, tomatoes, sugar beets

Pendimethalin
    H
 19 9 42 0.004

Soybeans, corn, cotton, peanuts, turf, ornamentals

Permethrin, cis
    I
 1.2 72 50 0.005

Corn, alfalfa, soybeans, wheat, lawns, gardens, structural pest control

Phorate
    I
 3.7 34 76 0.002

Corn, potatoes, wheat, sugarcane

Prometron

    H
 -- -- 45 0.018

General vegetation control, roads, railways, fencelines

Pronamide
    H
 0.2 127 71 0.003

Alfalfa, lettuce, seed crops, artichokes, turf, woody ornamentals

Propachlor
    H
 3.9 31 100 0.007

Sorghum, corn, green peas, squash

Propanil
    H
 7.2 20 73 0.004

Rice

Propargite
    I
 3.1 39 64 0.013

Corn, cotton, grapes, almonds

Simazine
    H
 4.8 26 94 0.005

Corn, citrus, alfalfa, grapes, turf, fairways, lawns, aquatic control

Tebuthiuron
    H
 -- -- 106 0.01

Pasture, rights-of-way, industrial sites

TERBACIL

    H
 0.51 93 39 0.007

Alfalfa, mint, sugarcane, apples

Terbufos
    I
 7.2 21 139 0.013

Corn, sugar beets, sorghum, sweet corn

Thiobencarb
    H
 1.4 64 91 0.002

Rice

Triallate
    H
 2 53 91 0.001

Wheat, barley, dry peas, flax

Trifluralin
    H
 19 10 59 0.002

Soybeans, cotton, wheat, sunflowers

| Table 1 | Table 2 | Table 3 | Table 4 | Table 5 | Table 6 | Table 7 | Table 8 | Table 9 | Table 10 | Table 11 |

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