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Air Curve
Atmospheric mixing ratios of CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113,CFC-13 x 100, SF6 x 100, and SF5CF3 x 1000 for Northern Hemisphere atmosphere.
Data for the construction of the mixing ratios in this figure were
obtained from the CMDL/NOAA website URL
http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/ (Elkins, Butler, Thompson, and Montzka,
2003; Montzka et al., 1996 and 1999), from the CDIAC website URL
http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/
(Walker et al., 2000; Prinn et al., 2000; Cunnold et al., 1997).
Data that was used to construct the Northern Hemisphere 1980 to
1990 atmospheric concentrations for CFC-113 were obtained from a
number of sources (Busenberg and Plummer, 1993; Wisegarver and Gammon,
1988; Gilpin, 1991; Wang 1993 and 1997;and Tominaga, 1993). The
pre-1980's mixing ratios were reconstructed from production and
atmospheric release data (Fisher and Midgley, 1993; and AFEAS, 2003,
http://www.afeas.org/ )
Differences between the NOAA (CMDL) and SIO-98 scales
(written communication, Bradley Hall, 2004; http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/hats/standard/scales.htm).
Current SIO-NOAA (CMDL) scale differences are derived from in-situ measurements at the American Samoa Observatory. The following mean differences were identified as of October 2003 based on data comparison from 1999 to 2003.
For CFC-12, the SIO-98 is 1.64% higher than NOAA-2001 scale.
For CFC-11, the SIO-98 is 0.64% lower than NOAA-1992 scale (not
constant in time, scales are converging).
For CFC-113, the SIO-98 is 1.79% lower than NOAA-2002 scale.
Data Table
Atmospheric mixing ratios of CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113 and SF6 in North America (NH) and CFCs in Southern Hemisphere (SH) air compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey Chlorofluorocarbon Laboratory.
CFC and SF6 mixing ratios are in parts per trillion volume (pptv) and are on the SIO-98 scale.
Revised February 2004
Data Table
Atmospheric mixing ratios of CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-13, CFC-113, SF6 and SF5CF3 in North America (NH) and CFCs in Southern Hemisphere (SH) air compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey Chlorofluorocarbon Laboratory.
CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113 and SF6 mixing ratios are in parts per trillion volume (pptv) and are on the SIO-98 scale. CFC-13 and SF5CF3 mixing ratios are in parts per trillion volume (pptv).
NH revised December 2006
SH revised February 2004
| Year | NH CFC-12 |
NH CFC-11 |
NH CFC-113 |
NH CFC-13 |
NH SF6 |
NH SF5CF3 |
SH CFC-12 |
SH CFC-11 |
SH CFC-113 |
SH SF6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940.0 | 0.34 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1940.5 | 0.40 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1941.0 | 0.48 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.27 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1941.5 | 0.56 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1942.0 | 0.66 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.39 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1942.5 | 0.76 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.47 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1943.0 | 0.88 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.55 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1943.5 | 1.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.65 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1944.0 | 1.18 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.75 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1944.5 | 1.34 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.87 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.05 |
| 1945.0 | 1.56 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 0.99 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| 1945.5 | 1.77 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 1.16 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| 1946.0 | 2.15 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 1.32 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| 1946.5 | 2.53 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 1.53 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
| 1947.0 | 3.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 1.74 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| 1947.5 | 3.70 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 2.12 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.05 |
| 1948.0 | 4.37 | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 2.49 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.05 |
| 1948.5 | 5.04 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 3.06 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.05 |
| 1949.0 | 5.76 | 0.34 | 0.20 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 3.64 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.05 |
| 1949.5 | 6.48 | 0.43 | 0.22 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 4.30 | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.05 |
| 1950.0 | 7.28 | 0.56 | 0.25 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 4.96 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.05 |
| 1950.5 | 8.07 | 0.68 | 0.27 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 5.67 | 0.34 | 0.2 | 0.05 |
| 1951.0 | 8.93 | 0.85 | 0.30 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 6.38 | 0.43 | 0.22 | 0.05 |
| 1951.5 | 9.80 | 1.02 | 0.33 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 7.16 | 0.56 | 0.25 | 0.05 |
| 1952.0 | 10.69 | 1.28 | 0.37 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 7.94 | 0.68 | 0.28 | 0.05 |
| 1952.5 | 11.60 | 1.53 | 0.41 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 8.79 | 0.86 | 0.31 | 0.05 |
| 1953.0 | 12.59 | 1.88 | 0.44 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 9.64 | 1.03 | 0.34 | 0.05 |
| 1953.5 | 13.60 | 2.22 | 0.49 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 10.5 | 1.29 | 0.38 | 0.05 |
| 1954.0 | 14.74 | 2.64 | 0.53 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 11.4 | 1.54 | 0.42 | 0.05 |
| 1954.5 | 15.88 | 3.06 | 0.58 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 12.4 | 1.89 | 0.45 | 0.05 |
| 1955.0 | 17.15 | 3.58 | 0.63 | 0 | 0.055 | 0 | 13.4 | 2.23 | 0.5 | 0.05 |
| 1955.5 | 18.42 | 4.09 | 0.69 | 0 | 0.056 | 0 | 14.5 | 2.66 | 0.54 | 0.06 |
| 1956.0 | 19.90 | 4.74 | 0.75 | 0 | 0.056 | 0 | 15.9 | 3.08 | 0.59 | 0.06 |
| 1956.5 | 21.39 | 5.38 | 0.81 | 0 | 0.057 | 0 | 17.1 | 3.60 | 0.64 | 0.06 |
| 1957.0 | 23.06 | 6.09 | 0.87 | 0 | 0.058 | 0 | 18.5 | 4.12 | 0.7 | 0.06 |
| 1957.5 | 24.75 | 6.81 | 0.94 | 0 | 0.059 | 0 | 19.9 | 4.77 | 0.76 | 0.06 |
| 1958.0 | 26.50 | 7.46 | 1.02 | 0 | 0.060 | 0 | 21.5 | 5.41 | 0.82 | 0.06 |
| 1958.5 | 28.26 | 8.11 | 1.11 | 0 | 0.061 | 0 | 23.0 | 6.5 | 0.89 | 0.06 |
| 1959.0 | 30.22 | 8.76 | 1.19 | 0 | 0.062 | 0 | 24.7 | 7.2 | 0.96 | 0.06 |
| 1959.5 | 32.18 | 9.42 | 1.29 | 0 | 0.064 | 0 | 26.3 | 7.8 | 1.04 | 0.06 |
| 1960.0 | 34.52 | 10.29 | 1.38 | 0 | 0.066 | 0 | 28.2 | 8.5 | 1.13 | 0.06 |
| 1960.5 | 36.85 | 11.17 | 1.49 | 0 | 0.069 | 0 | 30.1 | 9.2 | 1.21 | 0.06 |
| 1961.0 | 39.48 | 12.29 | 1.60 | 0 | 0.072 | 0 | 32.3 | 10.1 | 1.31 | 0.06 |
| 1961.5 | 42.09 | 13.42 | 1.73 | 0 | 0.076 | 0 | 34.4 | 10.9 | 1.41 | 0.07 |
| 1962.0 | 45.10 | 14.85 | 1.86 | 0 | 0.079 | 0 | 37.0 | 12.0 | 1.52 | 0.07 |
| 1962.5 | 48.10 | 16.28 | 1.99 | 0 | 0.084 | 0 | 39.4 | 13.1 | 1.63 | 0.07 |
| 1963.0 | 51.61 | 18.02 | 2.14 | 0 | 0.088 | 0 | 42.3 | 14.5 | 1.76 | 0.08 |
| 1963.5 | 55.13 | 19.76 | 2.31 | 0 | 0.095 | 0 | 45.1 | 15.8 | 1.89 | 0.08 |
| 1964.0 | 59.2 | 21.8 | 2.5 | 0 | 0.100 | 0 | 48.5 | 17.5 | 2.03 | 0.08 |
| 1964.5 | 63.3 | 23.9 | 2.7 | 0 | 0.110 | 0 | 51.8 | 19.2 | 2.18 | 0.09 |
| 1965.0 | 67.9 | 26.3 | 2.8 | 0 | 0.120 | 0 | 55.7 | 21.2 | 2.35 | 0.10 |
| 1965.5 | 72.5 | 28.6 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.130 | 0.0013 | 59.5 | 23.1 | 2.52 | 0.10 |
| 1966.0 | 77.6 | 31.2 | 3.3 | 0 | 0.140 | 0.0017 | 63.9 | 25.4 | 2.71 | 0.11 |
| 1966.5 | 82.8 | 33.8 | 3.5 | 0 | 0.150 | 0.0021 | 68.1 | 27.6 | 2.9 | 0.12 |
| 1967.0 | 88.5 | 36.7 | 3.8 | 0 | 0.160 | 0.0025 | 73.1 | 30.2 | 3.12 | 0.13 |
| 1967.5 | 94.3 | 39.7 | 4.1 | 0 | 0.180 | 0.0030 | 77.9 | 32.7 | 3.34 | 0.14 |
| 1968.0 | 100.7 | 43.0 | 4.3 | 0 | 0.190 | 0.0034 | 83.5 | 35.6 | 3.59 | 0.15 |
| 1968.5 | 107.2 | 46.4 | 4.7 | 0 | 0.200 | 0.0038 | 88.8 | 38.3 | 3.84 | 0.16 |
| 1969.0 | 114.4 | 50.2 | 5.0 | 0.131 | 0.210 | 0.0042 | 95.0 | 41.6 | 4.13 | 0.18 |
| 1969.5 | 121.5 | 54.1 | 5.4 | 0.196 | 0.220 | 0.0047 | 101.0 | 44.8 | 4.41 | 0.19 |
| 1970.0 | 129.3 | 58.5 | 5.7 | 0.262 | 0.230 | 0.0052 | 108.0 | 48.6 | 4.74 | 0.20 |
| 1970.5 | 137.2 | 62.9 | 6.1 | 0.327 | 0.250 | 0.0057 | 114.7 | 52.3 | 5.07 | 0.21 |
| 1971.0 | 145.5 | 67.7 | 6.6 | 0.392 | 0.260 | 0.0062 | 122.3 | 56.6 | 5.45 | 0.22 |
| 1971.5 | 153.9 | 72.5 | 7.1 | 0.458 | 0.270 | 0.0068 | 129.6 | 60.7 | 5.83 | 0.23 |
| 1972.0 | 162.9 | 77.8 | 7.5 | 0.523 | 0.280 | 0.0074 | 137.8 | 65.4 | 6.26 | 0.25 |
| 1972.5 | 172.0 | 83.2 | 8.1 | 0.589 | 0.300 | 0.0081 | 145.6 | 70.0 | 6.69 | 0.26 |
| 1973.0 | 182.0 | 89.4 | 8.7 | 0.654 | 0.320 | 0.0088 | 154.6 | 75.3 | 7.18 | 0.27 |
| 1973.5 | 192.1 | 95.5 | 9.3 | 0.720 | 0.340 | 0.0096 | 163.2 | 80.4 | 7.68 | 0.28 |
| 1974.0 | 202.9 | 102.2 | 9.9 | 0.785 | 0.360 | 0.0104 | 173.1 | 86.4 | 8.25 | 0.30 |
| 1974.5 | 213.7 | 108.9 | 10.7 | 0.851 | 0.390 | 0.0113 | 182.5 | 92.2 | 8.81 | 0.32 |
| 1975.0 | 224.0 | 114.6 | 11.4 | 0.916 | 0.420 | 0.0122 | 193.0 | 98.6 | 9.46 | 0.34 |
| 1975.5 | 234.3 | 122.1 | 12.2 | 0.982 | 0.450 | 0.0132 | 202.9 | 104.7 | 10.1 | 0.36 |
| 1976.0 | 244.2 | 128.9 | 13.1 | 1.047 | 0.480 | 0.0142 | 213.3 | 111.1 | 10.9 | 0.39 |
| 1976.5 | 254.0 | 135.1 | 14.0 | 1.113 | 0.52 | 0.0153 | 223.1 | 117.1 | 11.6 | 0.42 |
| 1977.0 | 263.3 | 142.1 | 15.0 | 1.178 | 0.55 | 0.0165 | 233.2 | 123.4 | 12.5 | 0.45 |
| 1977.5 | 272.5 | 146.7 | 16.1 | 1.244 | 0.59 | 0.0178 | 242.6 | 129.3 | 13.3 | 0.48 |
| 1978.0 | 282.4 | 150.0 | 17.2 | 1.309 | 0.63 | 0.0191 | 252.2 | 135.3 | 14.3 | 0.52 |
| 1978.5 | 292.9 | 156.5 | 18.4 | 1.375 | 0.68 | 0.0205 | 261.1 | 140.8 | 15.3 | 0.55 |
| 1979.0 | 298.1 | 159.8 | 19.7 | 1.440 | 0.73 | 0.0219 | 267.7 | 145.0 | 16.4 | 0.59 |
| 1979.5 | 301.2 | 162.6 | 21.1 | 1.506 | 0.77 | 0.0234 | 273.5 | 148.8 | 17.5 | 0.63 |
| 1980.0 | 311.2 | 168.6 | 22.6 | 1.571 | 0.83 | 0.0250 | 283.3 | 154.3 | 18.8 | 0.68 |
| 1980.5 | 317.4 | 172.8 | 24.1 | 1.636 | 0.88 | 0.0267 | 292.3 | 159.3 | 20.1 | 0.73 |
| 1981.0 | 322.7 | 176.0 | 25.7 | 1.702 | 0.94 | 0.0285 | 301.0 | 163.8 | 21.1 | 0.77 |
| 1981.5 | 333.8 | 179.7 | 27.3 | 1.767 | 0.99 | 0.0303 | 308.8 | 167.8 | 22.5 | 0.83 |
| 1982.0 | 343.6 | 183.8 | 29.0 | 1.833 | 1.05 | 0.0322 | 317.6 | 172.2 | 23.7 | 0.88 |
| 1982.5 | 352.7 | 188.3 | 30.8 | 1.898 | 1.12 | 0.0341 | 325.5 | 176.1 | 25.6 | 0.94 |
| 1983.0 | 361.6 | 193.3 | 32.5 | 1.964 | 1.18 | 0.0362 | 334.5 | 180.6 | 26.9 | 0.99 |
| 1983.5 | 372.2 | 198.0 | 34.8 | 2.029 | 1.25 | 0.0383 | 342.5 | 184.5 | 28.1 | 1.05 |
| 1984.0 | 378.6 | 201.9 | 37.0 | 2.095 | 1.32 | 0.0405 | 351.5 | 188.8 | 29.8 | 1.12 |
| 1984.5 | 386.2 | 206.0 | 39.7 | 2.160 | 1.39 | 0.0427 | 359.4 | 192.5 | 31.4 | 1.18 |
| 1985.0 | 395.4 | 211.2 | 42.3 | 2.226 | 1.47 | 0.0450 | 369.4 | 197.6 | 33.8 | 1.25 |
| 1985.5 | 403.3 | 217.3 | 45.2 | 2.291 | 1.54 | 0.0474 | 378.2 | 202.2 | 36.0 | 1.32 |
| 1986.0 | 414.6 | 223.0 | 48.0 | 2.357 | 1.62 | 0.0499 | 387.9 | 207.2 | 38.6 | 1.39 |
| 1986.5 | 423.5 | 227.9 | 51.1 | 2.422 | 1.70 | 0.0524 | 396.5 | 211.5 | 41.0 | 1.47 |
| 1987.0 | 433.6 | 233.5 | 54.2 | 2.488 | 1.79 | 0.0549 | 407.0 | 217.3 | 44.1 | 1.54 |
| 1987.5 | 449.3 | 241.0 | 57.7 | 2.553 | 1.87 | 0.0575 | 416.3 | 222.4 | 47.0 | 1.62 |
| 1988.0 | 459.5 | 248.6 | 61.2 | 2.619 | 1.96 | 0.0602 | 426.7 | 228.2 | 50.2 | 1.70 |
| 1988.5 | 469.1 | 254.0 | 64.9 | 2.684 | 2.05 | 0.0629 | 435.8 | 233.4 | 53.3 | 1.79 |
| 1989.0 | 476.7 | 257.4 | 68.5 | 2.750 | 2.15 | 0.0657 | 445.8 | 238.2 | 56.6 | 1.87 |
| 1989.5 | 484.0 | 262.0 | 71.5 | 2.815 | 2.24 | 0.0685 | 454.4 | 242.3 | 59.7 | 1.96 |
| 1990.0 | 493.5 | 265.8 | 74.5 | 2.881 | 2.34 | 0.0714 | 464.2 | 247.1 | 63.0 | 2.05 |
| 1990.5 | 497.1 | 266.9 | 76.6 | 2.946 | 2.44 | 0.0743 | 472.7 | 251.2 | 66.1 | 2.15 |
| 1991.0 | 503.4 | 269.2 | 78.8 | 3.011 | 2.54 | 0.0772 | 480.8 | 254.4 | 68.8 | 2.24 |
| 1991.5 | 508.8 | 270.1 | 80.3 | 3.077 | 2.65 | 0.0802 | 487.4 | 256.8 | 71.2 | 2.34 |
| 1992.0 | 517.7 | 271.5 | 81.5 | 3.142 | 2.75 | 0.0832 | 493.6 | 259.2 | 73.9 | 2.44 |
| 1992.5 | 520.5 | 272.2 | 82.4 | 3.208 | 2.86 | 0.0862 | 498.4 | 260.9 | 76.4 | 2.54 |
| 1993.0 | 523.0 | 272.3 | 83.0 | 3.273 | 2.97 | 0.0892 | 503.5 | 262.1 | 78.2 | 2.65 |
| 1993.5 | 526.0 | 272.4 | 83.7 | 3.339 | 3.09 | 0.0923 | 507.0 | 262.6 | 79.8 | 2.75 |
| 1994.0 | 528.2 | 272.8 | 84.1 | 3.404 | 3.20 | 0.0953 | 511.6 | 263.6 | 80.5 | 2.86 |
| 1994.5 | 533.3 | 272.2 | 84.4 | 3.470 | 3.32 | 0.0984 | 514.7 | 263.8 | 81.5 | 2.97 |
| 1995.0 | 534.7 | 271.1 | 84.7 | 3.535 | 3.44 | 0.1015 | 518.6 | 263.9 | 82.1 | 3.09 |
| 1995.5 | 534.8 | 270.5 | 84.9 | 3.601 | 3.57 | 0.1045 | 520.9 | 263.5 | 82.2 | 3.20 |
| 1996.0 | 535.7 | 269.9 | 85.0 | 3.666 | 3.69 | 0.1075 | 524.3 | 263.3 | 82.4 | 3.32 |
| 1996.5 | 537.4 | 269.2 | 85.0 | 3.732 | 3.82 | 0.1106 | 526.2 | 263.1 | 82.7 | 3.44 |
| 1997.0 | 539.3 | 268.5 | 84.8 | 3.797 | 3.95 | 0.1135 | 529.2 | 263.0 | 82.8 | 3.57 |
| 1997.5 | 540.9 | 267.8 | 84.6 | 3.863 | 4.08 | 0.1165 | 530.6 | 262.1 | 82.8 | 3.69 |
| 1998.0 | 542.1 | 267.0 | 84.3 | 3.928 | 4.22 | 0.1194 | 533.0 | 262.0 | 83.1 | 3.82 |
| 1998.5 | 543.0 | 266.2 | 84.0 | 3.994 | 4.32 | 0.1223 | 533.8 | 261.1 | 82.8 | 3.95 |
| 1999.0 | 544.0 | 265.4 | 83.7 | 4.059 | 4.43 | 0.1251 | 536.1 | 260.9 | 82.7 | 4.08 |
| 1999.5 | 544.6 | 264.5 | 83.4 | 4.125 | 4.54 | 0.1279 | 536.7 | 259.9 | 82.3 | 4.22 |
| 2000.0 | 545.1 | 263.5 | 83.0 | 4.190 | 4.65 | 0.1306 | 538.2 | 259.4 | 81.9 | 4.32 |
| 2000.5 | 545.5 | 262.6 | 82.7 | 4.255 | 4.77 | 0.1332 | 539.2 | 258.7 | 81.7 | 4.43 |
| 2001.0 | 546.0 | 261.6 | 82.4 | 4.321 | 4.89 | 0.1357 | 539.8 | 257.9 | 81.4 | 4.54 |
| 2001.5 | 546.2 | 260.6 | 82.0 | 4.386 | 5.01 | 0.1382 | 540.4 | 256.9 | 81.0 | 4.65 |
| 2002.0 | 546.3 | 259.5 | 81.7 | 4.452 | 5.14 | 0.1405 | 541.2 | 256.3 | 80.8 | 4.77 |
| 2002.5 | 546.3 | 258.4 | 81.3 | 4.517 | 5.27 | 0.1427 | 541.4 | 255.3 | 80.4 | 4.89 |
| 2003.0 | 546.0 | 257.2 | 81.0 | 4.583 | 5.40 | 0.1449 | 541.7 | 254.2 | 80.2 | 5.01 |
| 2003.5 | 545.7 | 256.1 | 80.6 | 4.648 | 5.53 | 0.1469 | 541.5 | 253.0 | 79.8 | 5.14 |
| 2004.0 | 545.3 | 254.9 | 80.2 | 4.714 | 5.65 | 0.1487 | 541.2 | 252.1 | 79.4 | 5.27 |
| 2004.5 | 544.8 | 253.6 | 79.8 | 4.779 | 5.77 | 0.1505 | 540.8 | 251.0 | 79.1 | 5.40 |
| 2005.0 | 544.2 | 252.3 | 79.4 | 4.845 | 5.89 | 0.1521 | 540.2 | 250.0 | 78.7 | 5.53 |
| 2005.5 | 543.3 | 251.0 | 79.0 | 4.910 | 6.00 | 0.1535 | 539.6 | 248.9 | 78.3 | 5.67 |
| 2006.0 | 542.4 | 249.6 | 78.5 | 4.976 | 6.11 | 0.1547 | 538.6 | 247.8 | 78.0 | 5.78 |
| 2006.5 | 541.3 | 248.2 | 78.1 | 5.041 | 6.22 | 0.1558 | ||||
| 2007.0 | 540.1 | 246.8 | 77.6 | 5.107 | 6.33 | 0.1567 | ||||
| 2007.5 | 538.7 | 245.3 | 77.2 | 5.172 | 6.44 | 0.1573 | ||||
| 2008.0 | 537.1 | 243.8 | 76.7 | 5.238 | 6.55 | 0.1578 | ||||
References
AFEAS (Alternative Fluorocarbon Environmental Acceptability Study), 2003, Production, sales and atmospheric release of fluorocarbons through 2001, AFEAS, Washington, D.C., URL http://www.afeas.org/
Busenberg, E., and Plummer, L.N., 1993, Use of trichlorofluoprocarbon-113 (CFC-113) as a hydrologic tracer and age-dating tool for young ground water, (abs.) Geological Society of America, 1993 Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, 1993, p. A-365.
Cunnold, D., R. Weiss, R. Prinn, D. Hartley, P. Simmonds, P. Fraser, B. Miller, F. Alyea, and L. Porter, 1997, GAGE/AGAGE measurements indicating reductions in global emissions of CCl3F and CCl2F2 in 1992-1994. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1259-1269.
Fisher, D. A., and Midgley, P. M., 1993, Production and release to the atmosphere of CFCs 113, 114 and 115. Atmos. Environ., 27A, 271-276
Gilpin, T. M., 1991, Global concentrations of three chlorofluorocarbons, 1984-1988. PH.D. Dissertation, University of California at Irvine, 355p.
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Montzka, S.A., J. H. Butler, R. C. Myers, T. M. Thompson, T. H. Swanson, A. D. Clarke, L. T. Lock, and J. W. Elkins, 1996, Decline in the tropospheric abundance of halogen from halocarbons: Implications for stratospheric ozone depletion, Science, 272, 1318-1322.
Prinn, R.G., R.F. Weiss, P.J. Fraser, P.G. Simmonds, D.M. Cunnold, F.N. Alyea, S. O'Doherty, P. Salameh, B.R. Miller, J. Huang, R.H.J. Wang, D.E. Hartley, C. Harth, L.P. Steele, G. Sturrock, P.M. Midgely, and A. McCulloch, 2000, A history of chemically and radiatively important gases in air deducedfrom ALE/GAGE/AGAGE, J. Geophys. Res., 115, 17751-17792.
Tominaga, T., 1992, Chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere: Trends and vertical profiles. Pure Appl. Chem., 64, 529-536.
Walker, S.J., Weiss, R.F. and Salameh, P. K., 2000, Reconstructed histories of the annual mean atmospheric fractions for halocarbons CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113, and carbon tetrachloride. Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 105, C6, 14285-14296.
Wang, J. L. C., 1993, Global concentrations of selected halocarbons, 1988-1992 PH.D. Dissertation, University of California at Irvine, 179p.
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