hspf(1) U.S. Geological Survey (wrdapp) hspf(1) NAME hspf - Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran ABSTRACT HSPF simulates for extended periods of time the hydrologic, and associated water quality, processes on pervious and impervious land surfaces and in streams and well-mixed impoundments. HSPF uses continuous rainfall and other meteorologic records to compute streamflow hydrographs and pollutographs. HSPF simulates interception soil moisture, surface runoff, interflow, base flow, snowpack depth and water content, snowmelt, evapotranspiration, ground-water recharge, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), temperature, pesticides, conservatives, fecal coliforms, sediment detachment and transport, sediment routing by particle size, channel routing, reservoir routing, constituent routing, pH, ammonia, nitrite-nitrate, organic nitrogen, orthophosphate, organic phosphorus, phytoplankton, and zooplankton. Program can simulate one or many pervious or impervious unit areas discharging to one or many river reaches or reservoirs. Frequency-duration analysis can be done for any time series. Any time step from 1 minute to 1 day that divides equally into 1 day can be used. Any period from a few minutes to hundreds of years may be simulated. HSPF is generally used to assess the effects of land-use change, reservoir operations, point or nonpoint source treatment alternatives, flow diversions, etc. Programs, available separately, support data preprocessing and postprocessing for statistical and graphical analysis of data saved to the Watershed Data Management (WDM) file. METHOD The model contains hundreds of process algorithms developed from theory, laboratory experiments, and empirical relations from instrumented watersheds. HISTORY The model was developed in the early 1960's as the Stanford Watershed Model. In the 1970's, water-quality processes were added. Development of a Fortran version incorporating several related models using software engineering design and development concepts was funded by the Athens, Ga., Research Lab of EPA in the late 1970's. In the 1980's, preprocessing and postprocessing software, algorithm enhancements, and use of the USGS WDM system were developed jointly by the USGS and EPA. The current release is Version 11. An interactive version (see HSPEXP) was developed by the USGS in the 1990's. DATA REQUIREMENTS Meteorologic records of precipitation and estimates of potential evapotranspiration are required for watershed simulation. Air temperature, dewpoint temperature, wind, and solar radiation are required for snowmelt. Air temperature, wind, solar radiation, humidity, cloud cover, tillage practices, point sources, and (or) pesticide applications may be required for water-quality simulation. Physical measurements and related parameters are required to 7 Jul 1998 1 hspf(1) U.S. Geological Survey (wrdapp) hspf(1) describe the land area, channels, and reservoirs. OUTPUT OPTIONS Output is either printed tables at any time step, a flat file, or the WDM file. The postprocessing software uses data from the WDM file. Hundreds of computed time series may be selected for the output files. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS HSPF is written in Fortran 77 with the following extension: use of include files. The HSPF, HSPNODSS, WDM, ADWDM, and UTIL libraries from LIB are required to recompile. For more information, see System Requirements in LIB. APPLICATIONS There have been hundreds of applications of HSPF all over the world. The largest application is the 62,000 square mile tributary area to the Chesapeake Bay. The smallest application has been experimental plots of a few acres near Watkinsville, Ga. The most significant applications within the USGS have been in the Seattle area, Chicago area, Patuxent River, Md., Truckee-Carson Basins, Nev., and watersheds in Pennsylvania. DOCUMENTATION Bicknell, B.R., Imhoff, J.C., Kittle, J.L., Jr., Donigian, A.S., Jr., and Johanson, R.C., 1997, Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran: User's manual for version 11: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, Ga., EPA/600/R-97/080, 755 p. RELATED DOCUMENTATION Flynn, K.M., Hummel, P.R., Lumb, A.M., and Kittle, J.L., Jr., 1995, User's manual for ANNIE, version 2, a computer program for interactive hydrologic data management: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4085, 211 p. REFERENCES Dinicola, R.S., 1990, Characterization and simulation of rainfall- runoff relations for headwater basins in western King and Snohomish Counties, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water- Resources Investigations Report 89-4052, 52 p. Donigian, A.S., Jr., Imhoff, J.C., Bicknell, Brian, Kittle, J.L., Jr., 1984, Application guide for Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran (HSPF): U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Athens, Ga., EPA-600/3-84-065, 177 p. Johanson, R.C., Imhoff, J.D., and Davis, H.H., Jr., 1980, Users manual for hydrological simulation program - Fortran (HSPF): Environmental Research Laboratory, EPA-600/9-80-015, Athens, Ga., April 1980. 7 Jul 1998 2 hspf(1) U.S. Geological Survey (wrdapp) hspf(1) TRAINING Watershed Systems Modeling I (SW2008TC), offered annually at the USGS National Training Center. Watershed Systems Modeling II (SW3018TC), offered upon request at the USGS National Training Center. River Basin Water-Quality Modeling (ID2146TC), offered annually at the USGS National Training Center. Occasionally, EPA, Aqua Terra Consultants, and Hydrocomp, Inc., offer training courses. CONTACTS Operation and Distribution: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Analysis Software Support Program 437 National Center Reston, VA 20192 h2osoft@usgs.gov Official versions of U.S. Geological Survey water-resources analysis software are available for electronic retrieval via the World Wide Web (WWW) at: http://water.usgs.gov/software/ and via anonymous File Transfer Protocol (FTP) from: water.usgs.gov (path: /pub/software). The WWW page and anonymous FTP directory from which the HSPF software can be retrieved are, respectively: http://water.usgs.gov/software/hspf.html --and-- /pub/software/surface_water/hspf SEE ALSO annie(1) - Program to list, table, plot data in a WDM file dr3m(1) - Distributed Routing Rainfall-Runoff Model --version II dr3m-qual - Multi-event urban runoff quality model hspexp(1) - Expert system for calibration of HSPF iowdm(1) - Program to store time-series data in a WDM file prms(1) - Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System 7 Jul 1998 3