Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: 2000
      Title: regions
      Edition: Version 1.0, November 24, 1999
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Ground Water Atlas of the United States
        Issue_Identification: USGS HA-730
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Reston, VA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Online_Linkage: \\IGSAQCEWLT-064\C\camord_gis\regions.shp
  Description:
    Abstract: This data set represents the extent of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the states of Wisconsin, Michigan, Minnesota, Iowa, and Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri. This data set also represents the different areas of regional confinement--confined (aquifer system is buried by Maquoketa Shale and younger bedrock) and unconfined (aquifer system is exposed at the bedrock surface).
    Purpose: These data delineate the areal extent of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system as defined in the 'Ground Water Atlas of the United States' (U.S. Geological Survey HA 730).  The scale of source material is 1:2,500,000 and these data are not intended for use at a larger scale.
    Supplemental_Information:
      The juxtaposition of regionally mapped aquifers has led to some instances where an aquifer outcrop or shallow subcrop is bounded by a State line.  This is a result of the regional mapping and national categorization methods used and is not meant to imply a hydrogeologic change coincident with a State boundary.

      Comments regarding the names of aquifers or the hydrogeologic interpretation of the aquifers can be directed to the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Office of Ground Water, ogw_webmaster@usgs.gov, (703) 648-5001.

      The nationwide principal aquifers map, cited as a complete or partial source, refers to both a dataset published at 1:2,500,000 and a derived map printed at 1:5,000,000.

      Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

      Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in ARC/INFO format, this metadata file may include some ARC/INFO-specific terminology.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 1992
    Currentness_Reference: publication date
  Status:
    Progress: In work
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -96.684070
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -83.339588
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.274886
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.120392
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: REQUIRED: Reference to a formally registered thesaurus or a similar authoritative source of theme keywords.
      Theme_Keyword: aquifer
      Theme_Keyword: extent
      Theme_Keyword: groundwater
    Place:
      Place_Keyword: United States
      Place_Keyword: Northeast
      Place_Keyword: Iowa
      Place_Keyword: Illinois
      Place_Keyword: Wisconsin
      Place_Keyword: Michigan
      Place_Keyword: Minnesota
  Access_Constraints: None.  Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data.
  Use_Constraints:
    These data are not to be used at scales greater than 1:2,500,000.

    Selection of the aquifer polygon may also result in selection of non-aquifer polygons (AQ_CODE=999) within the aquifer extent.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Person: Chief, Cartography and Publishing Program
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 505 Science Dr
        City: Madison
        State_or_Province: WI
        Postal_Code: 53711
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (608) 238-9333
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (608) 238-9334
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.3000
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: 1999
      Title: Principal Aquifers map, Edition 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: National Atlas of the Unites States of America
        Issue_Identification: National Atlas product
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Reston, VA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Online_Linkage: http://www.nationalatlas.gov/atlasvue.html
  Cross_Reference:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: 1989-99
      Title: Ground Water Atlas of the United States
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Hydrologic Investigations Atlas
        Issue_Identification: HA 730
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Reston, VA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division
      Online_Linkage: http://wwwcapp.er.usgs.gov/publicdocs/gwa/gwa.html
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
      Source data was checked using standard USGS review procedures.
      Attributes were checked by plotting the coverage and reselecting for the different values.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: Polygon and chain-=node topology present.  Every polygon has a label.  This was checked using the labelerror command and the idedit command.
  Completeness_Report: The extent is based on the best available printed sources on the subject of aquifer extents.  There is the potential that better data is available at the local level.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: All digitized lines when plotted at 0.05" were within the lineweight of the compilation source.
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
          Publication_Date: 1997
          Title: Ground Water Atlas of the United States
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Hydrologic Atlas
            Issue_Identification: HA 730-D, figs. 15  88
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, VA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 10000000
      Type_of_Source_Media: mylar separates
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1995
        Source_Currentness_Reference: currentness text
      Source_Contribution: Source provided location of aquifer extent line
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
          Publication_Date: 1998
          Title: Principle Aquifer Data set
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: data
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: National Atlas of the United States of America
            Issue_Identification: National Atlas product
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, VA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 2500000
      Type_of_Source_Media: digital file
      Source_Contribution: Source provided location of aquifer extent line
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
          Publication_Date: 1992
          Title: Ground Water Atlas of the United States
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Hydrologic Atlas
            Issue_Identification: HA 730-J, fig. 116
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, VA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 5000000
      Type_of_Source_Media: mylar separates
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date: 1990
        Source_Currentness_Reference: currentness text
      Source_Contribution: Source provided location of aquifer extent line
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
          Publication_Date: 1999
          Title: Hydrography Features of the U.S.
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Reston, VA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 2000000
      Type_of_Source_Media: digital file
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Range_of_Dates/Times:
            Beginning_Date: 1995
            Ending_Date: 1999
        Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
      Source_Contribution: boundary used to delineate coastal extent of aquifer
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        a.) Aquifer names and all or part of the outcrop line shown on the Nationwide 'Principal Aquifer' map (Miller, James A., 1998), were used with the extent of each aquifer from the various chapters of the 'Ground Water Atlas of the United States' to create this coverage.  The largest scale map source available was used.  Where the line defining the aquifer extent is the same as the outcrop, the data were copied from the Principal Aquifers data set.  Otherwise data were traced from 1:7,500,000, 1:5,000,000, or 1:2,500,000 scale map sources onto a stable base material.  Where the extent was defined by a coastline, the 1:2,000,000-scale Hydrography Features of the U.S. was used.

        (The following steps were done using ARC/INFO 7.2.1 on Data General AViiON UNIX. Much of the terminology used will be specific to ARC/INFO).

        b.) The aquifer extent lines were digitized into ARCEDIT using standard USGStolerances. After digitizing, a check plot was created and reviewed against the traced map. If a line was located more than a line weight (0.05") from the digitized source, it was corrected during an ARCEDIT session.

        c.) Using the TRANSFORM command, the coverage containing the digitized, aquifer extent lines was combined with the coverage containing registration tics, was rubbersheeted from geographic to Albers Equal-Area Conic projection. An RMS error of less than 0.004 was accepted. If it was greater than 0.004 the location and values of the lat/long points were verified. Following this transformation, any aquifer lines from the aquifer extent coverage coincidental to aquifer lines from the 'Principal Aquifers' map data set were copied from the 'Principal Aquifers' map data set and put into the aquifer extent coverage.

        The aquifer extent coverage was cleaned, the topology was built, and labels were added.

        d.) Four items were added to the .PAT file:  AQ_NAME (60 65 C) AQ_CODE (4 5 I), ROCK_NAME (40 45 C), ROCK_TYPE (4 5 I).  ROCK_NAME comes from the Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998. The first digit of the three digit aq_code, refers to aquifer lithology.

        100 series are numbers for unconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers
        200 series are numbers for semiconsolidated sand aquifers
        300 series are numbers for sandstone aquifers
        400 series are numbers for carbonate-rock aquifers
        500 series are numbers for sandstone and carbonate-rock aquifers
        600 series are numbers for volcanic-rock aquifers
        999 is given for non aquifer islands inside aquifer polygons

        e.) The following items were verified:
        --Digitizing RMS error (below 0.005)
        --Transformation RMS error (below 0.004)
        --Arcs match the traced mylar (no gaps between the plot and the compilation)
        --Arc and polygon topology exists
        --Coverage has a coordinate system defined
        --Attributes aq_name and aq_code have been added and populated correctly
        --Necessary files exist to redo any step
      Process_Date: 19970331
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        This step was done on an NT workstation.  After plotting the extent at 1:2,000,000, the lines were checked with the documented sources. If needed, the lines were corrected to better represent the source data. This process may have included one or more of the following steps:
        --Reshaping the arc
        --Replacing the arc from the outcrop data,
        --Digitizing new lines polygons
        --Deleting polygons.
      Process_Date: 19991118
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Due to a computer problem final corrected files were lost, however hard copy plots of those files were retained. This file was recreated from those plots using a similar process to that described above. Where extent lines were equal to the outcrop, data were extracted from the Principal Aquifers Data Set.  Otherwise data were digitized from the retained hard copy plots using the same tolerances and software described above. A check plot was created and compared to the hard copy plot. Significant deviations, greater than approximately a line weight (0.005"), were corrected using ARCEDIT. Data were reviewed internally to assure compliance with original sources.
      Process_Date: 20000712
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: First draft of metadata created by J.M. Watermolen using FGDCMETA.AML ver.1.32 01/11/99 on ARC/INFO data set.
      Process_Date: 19991118
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Documentation edited by S.M. Last, based on informal reviews.
      Process_Date: 20000107
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Documentation updated by J.J. Skalet based on internal reviews.
      Process_Date: 20010424
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The boundary of the aquifer extent was refined using more detailed State bedrock geology maps. The refinement consisted of providing more detailed linework along the northern boundary between Cambrian and Precambrian rocks, and moving the southern boundary to coincide with the Missouri River. The boundary where the aquifer system is exposed at the bedrock surface or buried by the Upper Ordovician Maquoketa Shale  or younger bedrock was refined by editing linework along the boundary of the Maquoketa Shale to more closely match what is on the State geologic maps. In Minnesota, the detail for this boundary was obtained from a digital version of the 1974 King and Beikman map (Scruben and others, 1997). The refinement was guided by John Wilson and executed by  Leslie Arihood and John Wilson, both of the Indiana Water Science Center. The following  is a reference list of the State geologic electronic maps used in the refinement: Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, 1987, Bedrock geology, Lansing, MI     Iowa Department of Natural Resources, 1997, Geologic map 1997     Missouri Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Land Survey, 2006, Bedrock     Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey State Map 18, 1982, Bedrock geology map of Wisconsin     Minnesota Geological Survey, 2000, Geologic map of Minnesota, bedrock geology, St. Paul, MN     Illinois State Geological Survey, 1996, Bedrock Geology of Illinois - Geologic Unit Boundaries and Faults, Champaign, Illinois     Schruben, P.G., Arndt, R.E., and Bawiec, W., 1997, Geology of the conterminous United States at 1;2,500,000 scale.A digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman Map: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-11, Release 2. 
      Process_Date: 20080109
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Original ARC/INFO coverage (surf_buried) which was derived from the coverage (cam_ord) was copied to a new coverage called (regions). This name more accurately reflects what the cover shows--the regions of different regional confinement. This coverage also has polygons for areas of Precambrian Sandstone and Precambrian Crystalline rock. The coverage (regions) was revised to add/edit item names to be more informative. The ARC/INFO coverage (regions) was exported to a shapefile (regions.shp).
      Process_Date: 20110729
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Metadata imported.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: C:\DOCUME~1\jtwilson\LOCALS~1\Temp\xml28.tmp
      Process_Date: 20110729
      Process_Time: 13175100
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
  Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 285
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Complete chain
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 83
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 4
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area
        Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
          Standard_Parallel: 29.500000
          Standard_Parallel: 45.500000
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.000000
          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.000000
          False_Easting: 0.000000
          False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000000
          Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000000
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
      Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: regions
      Entity_Type_Definition: Line attributes
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: FID
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Shape
      Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: AREA
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: PERIMETER
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: REGIONS_
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: REGIONS_ID
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: COLORNAMES
      Attribute_Definition: color code for ARC/INFO shadeset colornames
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ARC/INFO User's Guide 6.0, Map Display & Query
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: REGION
      Attribute_Definition: Identifies areas where the aquifer system is buried or at bedrock surface, plus areas of Precambrian sandstone or crystalline rock.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: CONFINEMEN
      Attribute_Definition: Type of regional confinement--confined or unconfined. Based on presence or absence of Maquoketa Shale or younger bedrock.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: CMYK
      Attribute_Definition: CMYK color code for report illustrations. Principal aquifers have a prescribed color code.
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: CAMORD_EXT.PAT
      Entity_Type_Definition: Polygon attributes
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: ROCK_NAME
      Attribute_Definition: General lithology of the rocks that make up the aquifer
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sandstone aquifers
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: ROCK_TYPE
      Attribute_Definition: Code for rock name
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 300
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Sandstone aquifers
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: AQ_NAME
      Attribute_Definition: Name of the aquifer
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer systems
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: AQ_CODE
      Attribute_Definition: Numeric code for a particular aquifer
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Derived to help manage the data when numerous aquifers are aggregated
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 312
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer systems
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: 999
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Code for aquifer absent
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Principal Aquifers Data set, 1998
  Overview_Description:
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Water Webserver Team
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 440
        City: Reston
        State_or_Province: VA
        Postal_Code: 20192
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (800) 426-9000
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: h2oteam@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability:
    Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data.

    The act of distribution shall not constitue any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or related materials.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: ARC export
        File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip
        Transfer_Size: 0.087
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://wwwcapp.er.usgs.gov/aq_extents
          Access_Instructions: www
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20110729
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
        Contact_Person: Chief, Cartography and Publishing Programs
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 505 Science Dr
        City: Madison
        State_or_Province: WI
        Postal_Code: 53711
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (608) 238-9333
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (608) 238-9334
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
