MODFLOW-NWT model used to simulate and assess groundwater flow and surface-water exchanges in lakes of the Northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, 2003 through 2013

A three-dimensional, steady-state groundwater-flow model representing 2003-13 mean hydrologic conditions was developed and calibrated to assess groundwater and lake-water exchanges and the effects of groundwater withdrawals and precipitation on water levels in lakes in the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota. The USGS groundwater-flow model program MODFLOW-NWT version 1.0.8 was used to simulate groundwater flow in the approximately 1,000-square-mile area of the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area and western Wisconsin. Water levels were below normal for several lakes in the northeast Twin Cities Metropolitan Area during 2003 through 2013. Previous periods of low lake-water levels generally correlate with periods [...]