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Since the 1970's, USGS has studied geologic disposal of high-level radioactive
waste and spent nuclear fuel for the Nation. DOE began studies of Yucca Mountain in 1978 to determine whether it would
be suitable for the Nation's first long-term geologic repository for high-level
radioactive waste. USGS scientists worked with academic, National laboratory,
and contractor geologists and hydrologists to compile a comprehensive description
of the proposed repository site and surrounding area.
USGS work included:
- surface mapping
- detailed stratigraphic measurements
- soil pit and trench surveys
- logging of hundreds of drill holes
- mapping and sampling in more than 10 kilometers (6 miles) of underground tunnels
- geophysical surveys
- geochemical analyses
- hydrologic tests
- studies of past climate.
In 2002, DOE used these site-characterization studies to prepare an application for a license to construct the repository. Current USGS studies of scientific issues support DOE in the license
application process.
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