WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH GRANT PROPOSAL
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH GRANT PROPOSAL
Project ID: 2004FL76G
Title: Space-based monitoring of wetland surface flow
Project Type: Research
Focus Categories: Wetlands, Surface Water, Hydrology
Keywords: Wetlands, remote-sensing, Everglades, surface flow
Start Date: 09/01/2004
End Date: 08/31/2006
Federal Funds: $158,687
Non-Federal Matching Funds: $158,687
Congressional District: 18
Principal Investigator:
Shimon Wdowinski
University of Miami
Abstract
Space-based interferometric SAR (InSAR) observations of South Florida reveal spatially detailed, quantitative images of water levels in the Everglades. The new data capture dynamic water level topography, providing the first detailed picture of wetland sheet flow. We observe localized radial sheet flow in addition to well-known southward unidirectional sheet flow. In a preliminary study, we use a 1-D linear diffusive flow to simulate the unidirectional flow. Our initial results provide quantitative estimates of flow diffusivity/transmissivity (40-180 m2/s) and Manning’s friction coefficient (0.3-1.0), the first space-based estimates of such hydrologic parameters.
The proposed work expands upon our initial study of the Everglades wetland
and have the following components:
(1) InSAR analysis of wetlands -– obtaining more high spatial resolution
space-based observations of the Everglades (both C-band and L-band) and other
wetlands (Louisiana, Chesapeake Bay). We will use both archive data (ERS1/2,
RADARSAT-1, and JERS-1) and current data (ENVISAT and ALOS) in order to further
develop of the InSAR technique for wetlands hydrological applications.
(2) Hydrological analysis -– InSAR observations provides relative measure
of water level changes both in space and time. In order to understand and
utilized the high spatial resolution InSAR observation, we need to evaluate
the observation with respect to terrestrial-based (e.g., stage data) and
field observations. In the proposed research we will investigate other regions,
where we obtained InSAR observations (Everglades National Park, WCA-3, etc.),
but still not obtained hydrological understanding. Based on the new InSAR
analysis, we will expand our investigations to other wetlands such as the
the Louisiana Coast and Chesapeake Bay.
(3) Numerical Modeling –- after obtaining Hydrological understanding
of surface flow in the Everglades and other wetlands, we will use the high
spatial resolution observations to constrain surface flow models. This part
of the project will be conducted by the USGS, which developed a 500 x 500
m2 resolution grid for studying surface flow in the southern section of the
Everglades. The space-based observations will allow us to evaluate key parameters
that govern wetlands surface flow and their changes in space and time.
Our proposed research will provide new space-based observations, which will be used to understand in details the complexity of wetland surface flow and, hence, better manage wetlands water resources. Furthermore using the new observations as constraints in 3-D flow models, we will be able to evaluate the tempo-spatial distribution of key hydrologic parameters that govern shallow surface flow in the Everglades and other wetlands.