By T.B. Reed
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During the spring of 2002, water levels were measured in
737 wells completed in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial
aquifer in eastern Arkansas. The regional direction of groundwater
flow is generally to the south and east except where
affected by intense ground-water withdrawals. In 2002, the
highest water-level altitude measured was 287 feet above
National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 in northeastern Clay
County. The lowest water-level altitude measured was 78 feet
above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 in southwestern
Ashley County. Comparisons of water-level changes in
cones of depression from 1998 to 2002 show increases and
decreases in depth or areal extent. A large depression in the
potentiometric surface was located in Arkansas, Lonoke, and
Prairie Counties during 1998 and persisted in 2002. Water levels
generally declined in this depression in Lonoke County but
rose in Arkansas County. Two shallower cones of depressions
were located in Craighead, Cross, and Poinsett Counties and St.
Francis, Woodruff, Lee, and Monroe Counties west of Crowleys
Ridge during 1998. These coalesced into a single depression
by 2002. Water-level data from 143 wells with 26 or more
years of record indicate long-term water levels in the alluvial
aquifer declined an average of about 0.3 foot per year from 1977
to 2002. Water levels generally declined throughout most of the
aquifer from 1998 to 2002.
Specific conductance measurements made on water samples
collected from 64 wells ranged from 262 microsiemens per
centimeter in a well in Randolph County to 2,730 microsiemens
per centimeter in a well in Chicot County.
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