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Selected References, Selected Documents, and Publications on Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations
Selected References For
6.0 - General Guidelines
6.1 - Temperature
6.2 - Dissolved Oxygen
6.3 - Specific Electrical Conductance
6.4 - pH
6.5 - Reduction-Oxidation Potential (Electrode Method)
6.6 - Alkalinity and Acid Neutralizing Capacity (version 1.1)
6.7 - Turbidity
Water Quality
WRD
Book 1. Collection of Water Data by Direct Measurement
Book 2. Collection of Environmental Data
Book 3. Applications of Hydraulics
Book 4. Hydrologic Analysis and Interpretation
Book 5. Laboratory Analysis
Book 6. Modeling Techniques
Book 7. Automated Data Processing and Computations
Book 8. Instrumentation
Book 9. Handbooks for Water-Resources Investigations
Selected References For
6.0 - General Guidelines
ASTM International, 2005, D6462-99 (2005), Standard guide for purging methods for wells used for ground-water quality investigations: ASTM International publication accessed May 5, 2005, at http://www.astm.org.
______, 1992, Standards on ground water and vadose zone investigations: American Society
for Testing and Materials publication code number 03-4181920-38, 166 p.
Edwards, T.K., and Glysson, D.G., 1999, Field methods for measurement of
fluvial sediment: Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the
United States Geological Survey, book 3, chap. C2, 80 p.
Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., 1989, Methods for determination of
inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments: Techniques of
Water-Resources Investigations of the United States Geological Survey, book
5, chap. A1, 545 p.
Hem, J.D., 1986, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural
water: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254, 263 p.
Hoopes, B.C., ed., 2004, User's manual for the National Water Information System
of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
2004-1238, 262 p.
Horowitz, A.J., Demas, C.R., Fitzgerald, K.K., Miller, T.L., and Rickert,
D.A., 1994, U.S. Geological Survey protocol for the collection and
processing of surface-water samples for the subsequent determination of
inorganic constituents in filtered water: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 94-539, 57 p.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1991, Hydrolab H2O, in
Instrument News: Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological Survey
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, December 1991, p. 7-9.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1992, pH, in Instrument News:
Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic
Instrumentation Facility, March 1992, p. 7-8.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1992, pH, in Instrument News:
Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic
Instrumentation Facility, September 1992, p. 8.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1992, Conductivity, in
Instrument News: Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological Survey
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, December 1992, p. 12-13.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1993, pH, in Instrument News:
Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic
Instrumentation Facility, March 1993, p. 10-14.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1992, Hydrolab's H2O, in
Instrument News: Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological Survey
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, March 1993, p. 4-5.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1993, Dissolved oxygen, in
Instrument News: Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological Survey
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, September 1993, unnumbered insert.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1994, Temperature measurement tests,
in Instrument News: Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological
Survey Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, September 1994, p. 3-7;
10-12.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1994, Turbidity meter tests,
in Instrument News: Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological
Survey Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, June 1994, p. 11-13.
Kearl, P.M., Korte, N.E., and Cronk, T.A., 1992, Suggested modifications to
ground water sampling procedures based on observations from the colloidal
borescope: Ground Water Monitoring Review, v. 12, no. 2, p. 155-160.
Koterba, M.T., Wilde, F.D., and Lapham, W.W. , 1995, Ground-water
data-collection protocols and procedures for the National Water-Quality
Assessment Program--collection and documentation of water-quality samples
and related data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-399, 113 p.
Lapham, W.W., Wilde, F.D., and Koterba, M.T., 1997, Guidelines and standard
procedures for studies of ground-water quality--selection and installation
of wells, and supporting documentation: U.S. Geological Survey
Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4233, 110 p.
Puls, R.W., and Powell, R.M., 1992, Acquisition of representative ground
water quality samples for metals: Ground Water Monitoring Review, v. 12,
no. 3, p. 167-176.
Puls, R.W., Powell, R.M., Clark, D.A., and Paul, C.J., 1991, Facilitated
transport of inorganic contaminants in ground water, part II, Colloidal
transport: Ada, Oklahoma, Robert S. Kerr Laboratory, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency Report EPA/600/m-91/040, 12 p.
Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982, Measurement and computation of streamflow:
Volume 1, Measurement of stage, and Volume 2, Computation of discharge:
U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2175, v. 1, p. 1-284, v. 2, p.
285-631.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1978, Sediment, chap. 3 in U.S.
Geological Survey, National handbook of recommended methods for water-data
acquisition: p. 3-1 to 3-100.
Ward, J.R., and Harr, C.A., 1990, Methods for collection and processing of
surface-water and bed-material samples for physical and chemical analyses:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-140, 71 p.
Wells, F.C., Gibbons, W.J., and Dorsey, M.E., 1990, Guidelines for
collection and field analysis of water-quality samples from streams in
Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-127, 79 p.
Selected References For
6.1- Temperature
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and
Water Environment Federation, 1992, Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater (18th ed.): Washington, D.C., American Public Health
Association, p. 2-59.
Stevens, H.H. Jr., Ficke, J.F., and Smoot, G.F., 1975, Water
temperature--influential factors, field measurement, and data presentation:
U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book
1, chap. D1, 65 p.
Ween, Sidney, 1968, Care and use of liquid-in-glass laboratory
thermometers: Transactions of Instrument Society of America, v. 7, no. 2,
p. 93-100.
Wood, W.W., 1976, Guidelines for collection and field analysis of
ground-water samples for selected unstable constituents: U.S. Geological
Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 1, chap. D2, 24
p.
Selected References For
6.2- Dissolved Oxygen
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and
Water Environment Federation, 1992, Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater (18th ed.): Washington, D.C., American Public Health
Association, p. 4-98 to 4-105.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1981, Standard test methods for
dissolved oxygen in water, No. D 888: Philadelphia, American Society for
Testing and Materials, p. 529-543.
Brown, Eugene, Skougstad, M.W., and Fishman, M.J., 1970, Methods for
collection and analysis of water samples for dissolved minerals and gases:
U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book
5, chap. A1, p. 126-129.
Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics
of natural water (3d ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254,
p. 155-156.
Skougstad, M.W., Fishman, M.J., Friedman, L.C., Erdmann, D.E., and Duncan,
S.S., eds., 1979, Methods for determination of inorganic substances in
water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of
Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, 626 p.
Walters, G.L., ed., 1989, Hach water analysis handbook: Loveland, Colo.,
Hach Company, p. 430-452.
Weiss, R.F., 1970, The solubility of nitrogen, oxygen and argon in water
and seawater: Deep Sea Research, v. 17, p. 721-735.
Wells, F.C., Gibbons, W.J., and Dorsey, M.E., 1990, Guidelines for
collection and field analysis of water-quality samples from streams in
Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-127, p. 56-65.
White, A.F., Peterson, M.L., and Solbau, R.D., 1990, Measurement and
interpretation of low levels of dissolved oxygen in ground water: Ground
Water, v. 28, no. 4, p. 584-590.
Wood, W.W., 1981, Guidelines for collection and field analysis of
ground-water samples for selected unstable constituents: U.S. Geological
Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 1, chap. D2, p.
22-24.
Selected References For
6.3 - Specific Electrical Conductance
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and
Water Environment Federation, 1992, Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater (18th ed.): Washington, D.C., American Public Health
Association, p. 2-43 to 2-48.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1977, Standard test methods for
electrical conductivity and resistivity of water, No. D 1125-77:
Philadelphia, American Society for Testing and Materials, p. 138-146.
Brown, Eugene, Skougstad, M.W., and Fishman, M.J., 1970, Methods for
collection and analysis of water samples for dissolved minerals and gases:
U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book
5, chap. A1, p. 148-150.
Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., eds., 1989, Methods for determination of
inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey
Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, p.
461-463.
Hem, J.D., 1982, Conductance--a collective measure of dissolved ions,
in Minear, R.A., and Keith, L.H., eds., Water analysis, v. 1,
inorganic species, pt. 1: New York, Academic Press, p. 137-161.
______ 1985, Study and interpretation of chemical characteristics of
natural water (3d ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254, p.
66-69.
Rainwater, F.H., and Thatcher, L.L., 1960, Methods for collection and
analysis of water samples: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1454,
p. 275-278.
Roberson, C.E., Feth, J.H., Seaber, P.R., and Anderson, Peter, 1963,
Differences between field and laboratory determinations of pH, alkalinity,
and specific conductance of natural water: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 475-C, p. C212-C215.
Shelton, L.R., 1994, Field guide for collecting and processing stream-water
samples for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 94-455, 42 p.
Wells, F.C., Gibbons, W.J., and Dorsey, M.E., 1990, Guidelines for
collection and field analysis of water-quality samples from streams in
Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-127, p. 42-44.
Wood, W.W., 1981, Guidelines for collection and field analysis of
ground-water samples for selected unstable constituents: U.S. Geological
Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 1, chap. D2, p.
11.
Selected References For
6.4 - pH
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and
Water Environment Federation, 1992, Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater (18th ed.): Washington, D.C., American Public Health
Association, p. 4-65 to 4-69.
Barnes, Ivan, 1964, Field measurement of alkalinity and pH: U.S. Geological
Survey Water-Supply Paper 1535-H, 17 p.
Bates, R.G., 1973, Determination of pH--theory and practice (2d ed.): New
York, John Wiley, 479 p.
Beckman Instruments, Inc., 1986, The Beckman handbook of applied
electrochemistry: Fullerton, Calif., 86 p.
Brown, Eugene, Skougstad, M.W., and Fishman, M.J., 1970, Methods for
collection and analysis of water samples for dissolved minerals and gases:
U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book
5, chap. A1, p. 129-130.
Busenberg, Eurybiades, and Plummer, L.N., 1987, pH measurement of
low-conductivity waters: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources
Investigations Report 87-4060, 21 p.
Drever, J.I., 1988, The geochemistry of natural waters (2d ed.): Englewood
Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, p. 282-304.
Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., eds., 1989, Methods for determination of
inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey
Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, p.
363-364.
Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics
of natural water (3d ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254,
p. 61-66.
Orion Research Inc., 1982, Handbook of electrode technology: Cambridge,
Mass., p. P2-P4.
Roberson, C.E., Feth, J.H., Seaber, P.R., and Anderson, Peter, 1963,
Differences between field and laboratory determinations of pH, alkalinity,
and specific conductance of natural water: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 475-C, p. C212-C215.
Shelton, L.R., 1994, Field guide for collecting and processing stream-water
samples for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 94-455, 42 p.
Stumm, Werner, and Morgan, J.J., 1981, Aquatic chemistry--an introduction
emphasizing chemical equilibria in natural waters (2d ed.): New York, John
Wiley & Sons, p. 131-134 and 483-487.
Wells, F.C., Gibbons, W.J., and Dorsey, M.E., 1990, Guidelines for
collection and field analysis of water-quality samples from streams in
Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-127, p. 47-50.
Wood, W.W., 1981, Guidelines for collection and field analysis of
ground-water samples for selected unstable constituents: U.S. Geological
Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 1, chap. D2, p.
12.
Selected References For
6.5 -
Reduction-Oxidation Potential (Electrode Method)
Adams, R.N., 1969, Electrochemistry at solid electrodes: New York, Marcel
Dekker, 402 p.
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and
Water Environment Federation, 1992, Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater (18th ed.): Washington, D.C., American Public Health
Association, p. 2-60 to 2-63.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1990, ASTM Standard Practice D
1498-76, Philadelphia, American Society for Testing and Materials, p.
208-212.
Back, William, and Barnes, I.L., 1965, Relation of electrochemical
potentials and iron content to ground-water flow patterns: U.S. Geological
Survey Professional Paper 498-C, 16 p.
Barcelona, M.J., Holm, T.R., Schock, M.R., and George, G.K., 1989, Spatial
and temporal gradients in aquifer oxidation-reduction conditions: Water
Resources Research, v. 25, no. 5, p. 991-1,003.
Baedecker, M.J., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 1992, The determination and fate of
unstable constituents of contaminated groundwater, in Lesage,
Suzanne, and Jackson, R.E., eds., Groundwater contamination and analysis at
hazardous waste sites: New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 425-461.
Berner, R.A., 1963, Electrode studies of hydrogen sulfide in marine
sediments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 27, p. 563-575.
______ 1981, A new geochemical classification of sedimentary environments:
Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 51, 359-365.
Boulegue, Jacques, and Michard, Gil, 1979, Sulfur speciations and redox
processes in reducing environments, in Jenne, E.A., ed., Chemical
modeling in aqueous systems: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society
Symposium Series 93, p. 25-50.
Bricker, O.P., 1965, Some stability relations in the system Mn-O2-H2O at 25°C and 1
atm, total pressure: American Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1,296-1,354.
______1982, Redox potential--its measurement and importance in water
systems, in Minear, R.A., and Keith, L.H., eds., Water analysis,
v. 1, pt. 1: Orlando, Fla., Academic Press, p. 55-83.
Callame, B., 1968, Contribution a l'etude des potentials d'oxydo-reduction
dans les sediments marins: Cah. Oceanographie, v. 20, p. 305-319.
Champ, D.R., Gulens, R.L., and Jackson, R.E., 1979, Oxidation-reduction
sequences in ground water flow systems: Canadian Journal of Earth Science,
v. 16, p. 12-23.
Chateau, H., 1954, Déterminations précises des potentiels de
référence données par les electrodes au calomel entre 5 et
70°C: Journal de Chimie Physique, v. 51, p. 590-593.
Doyle, R.W., 1968, The origin of the ferrous-ion ferric oxide Nernst
potential in environments containing dissolved ferrous iron: American
Journal of Science, v. 266, p. 840-859.
Edmunds, W.M., 1973, Trace element variations across an oxidation-reduction
barrier in a limestone aquifer: Proceedings of Symposium on
Hydrogeochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Tokyo, 1970, p. 500-527.
Ficken, J.R., 1988, Recent development of downhole water samplers for trace
organics, in Collins, A.G., and Johnson, A.I., eds., 1988,
Ground-water contamination--field methods: American Society for Testing and
Materials Special Technical Publication 963, Philadelphia, ASTM, p.
253-257.
Hem, J.D., 1982, Conductance--a collective measure of dissolved ions,
in Minear, R.A., and Keith, L.H., eds., Water analysis, v. 1,
inorganic species, pt. 1: New York, Academic Press, p. 137-161.
Hostettler, J.D., 1984, Electrode electrons, aqueous electrons, and redox
potentials in natural waters: American Journal of Science, v. 284, p.
734-759.
Langmuir, Donald, 1971, Eh-pH determination, in Carver, R.E., ed.,
Sedimentary petrology: New York, John Wiley & Sons, p. 597-634.
Lindberg, R.D., and Runnells, D.D., 1984, Ground water redox reactions--an
analysis of equilibrium state applied to Eh measurements and geochemical
modeling: Science, v. 225, p. 925-927.
Nordstrom, D.K., 1977, Thermochemical redox equilibria of ZoBell's
solution: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 41, p. 1,835-1,841.
Nordstrom, D.K., Jenne, E.A., and Ball, J.W., 1979, Redox equilibria of
iron in acid mine waters, in Jenne, E.A., ed., Chemical modeling
in aqueous systems: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society Symposium
Series 93, p. 51-79.
Pankow, J.F., 1991, Aquatic chemistry concepts: Chelsea, Mich., Lewis
Publishers, 673 p.
Sato, Michiaki, 1960, Dissolved oxygen in aqueous systems: Economic
Geology, v. 55, p. 928-949.
Stumm, Werner, 1966, Redox potential as an environmental
parameter--conceptual significance and operational limitation, in
Advances in water pollution research--Proceedings of the Third
International Conference, Munich, Germany, September 1966: p. 283-307.
Stumm, Werner, and Morgan, J.J., 1981, Aquatic chemistry--an introduction
emphasizing chemical equilibria in natural waters (2d ed.): New York, John
Wiley & Sons, 780 p.
Thorstenson, D.C., 1984, The concept of electron activity and its relation
to redox potentials in aqueous geochemical systems: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 84-072, 45 p.
Thorstenson, D.C., Fisher, D.W., and Croft, M.G., 1979, The geochemistry of
the Fox Hills-Basal Hell Creek aquifer in southwestern North Dakota and
northwestern South Dakota: Water Resources Research, v. 15, p.
1,479-1,498.
Truesdell, A.H., 1968, The advantage of using pe rather than Eh in redox
equilibrium calculations: Journal of Geological Education, v. 16, p.
17-20.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Ground water, chap. 2, in U.S.
Geological Survey, National handbook of recommended methods for water-data
acquisition: p. 2-101 to 2-108.
Welch, A.H., Lico, M.S., and Hughes, J.L., 1988, Arsenic in ground water of
the western United States: Ground Water, v. 26, no. 3, p. 333-347.
Whitfield, M.S., 1974, Thermodynamic limitations on the use of the platinum
electrode in Eh measurements: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 19, p.
857-865.
Selected References For
6.6 - Alkalinity and Acid Neutralizing Capacity
Almgren, Tom, Dryssen, David, and Strandberg, Mats, 1977, Computerized
high-precision titrations of some major constituents of seawater on board
the R.V. Dmitry Mendeleev: Deep-Sea Research, v. 24, p. 345-364.
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and
Water Environment Federation, 1992, Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater (18th ed.): Washington, D.C., American Public Health
Association, p. 2-25 to 2-28.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1977, Standard test methods for
acidity or alkalinity of water, No. D 1067: Philadelphia, American Society
for Testing and Materials, p. 129-137.
Baedecker, M.J., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 1992, The determination and fate of
unstable constituents of contaminated groundwater, in Lesage,
Suzanne, and Jackson, R.E., eds., Groundwater contamination and analysis at
hazardous waste sites: New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 425-461.
Barnes, Ivan, 1964, Field measurement of alkalinity and pH: U.S. Geological
Survey Water-Supply Paper 1535-H, 17 p.
Brown, Eugene, Skougstad, M.W., and Fishman, M.J., 1970, Methods for
collection and analysis of water samples for dissolved minerals and gases:
U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book
5, chap. A1, p. 41-44.
Drever, J.I., 1988, The geochemistry of natural waters (2d ed.): Englewood
Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, p. 48-58.
Edmond, J.M., 1970, High precision determination of titration alkalinity
and total carbon dioxide content of sea water by potentiometric titration:
Deep Sea Research, v. 17, p. 737-750.
Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., eds., 1989, Methods for determination of
inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey
Techniques of Water Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, 545 p.
Gran, G., 1952, Determination of the equivalence point in potentiometric titrations:
Analyst, v. 77, n. 920, p. 661-671.
Hansson, Ingemar, and Jagner, Daniel, 1973, Evaluation of the accuracy of
Gran plots by means of computer calculations--application to the
potentiometric titration of the total alkalinity and carbonate content in
sea water: Amsterdam, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., 12 p.
Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics
of natural water (3d ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254,
p. 105-111.
Horowitz, A.J., Demas, C.R., Fitzgerald, K.K., Miller, T.L., and Rickert,
D.A., 1994, U.S. Geological Survey protocol for the collection and
processing of surface-water samples for the subsequent determination of
inorganic constituents in filtered water: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 94-539, 57 p.
Pankow, J.F., 1991, Aquatic chemistry concepts: Chelsea, Michigan,
Lewis Publishers, 673 p.
Parkhurst, D.L., and Appelo, C.A.J., 1999, User's guide to PHREEQC
(version 2)--A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction,
one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations:
U.S. Geological Surey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4259, 312 p.
Roberson, C.E., Feth, J.H., Seaber, P.R., and Anderson, Peter, 1963,
Differences between field and laboratory determinations of pH, alkalinity,
and specific conductance of natural water: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 475-C, p. C212-C215.
Stumm, Werner, and Morgan, J.J., 1981, Aquatic chemistry--an introduction
emphasizing chemical equilibria in natural waters (2d ed.): New York, John
Wiley & Sons, p. 171-229.
Wells, F.C., Gibbons, W.J., and Dorsey, M.E., 1990, Guidelines for
collection and field analysis of water-quality samples from streams in
Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-127, 79 p.
Wood, W.W., 1981, Guidelines for collection and field analysis of
ground-water samples for selected unstable constituents: U.S. Geological
Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 1, chap. D2, p.
15-18.
Yurewicz, M.C., 1981, Incremental field titration of bicarbonate: U.S.
Geological Survey Water Resources Division Bulletin, October-December 1981,
p. 8-13.
Selected References For
6.7 - Turbidity
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and
Water Environment Federation, 1992, Standard methods for the examination of
water and wastewater (18th ed.): Washington, D.C., American Public Health
Association, p. 2-8 to 2-11.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 1990, Annual book of ASTM
standards, v. 11.01, Part 31, "Water," Standard D1889-88a: Philadelphia,
American Society for Testing and Materials, p. 309-314.
Backhus, D.A., Ryan, J.N., Groher, D.M., MacFarlane, J.K., and Gschwend,
P.M., 1993, Sampling colloids and colloid-associated contaminants in ground
water: Ground Water, v. 31, no. 3, p. 466-479.
Edwards, T.K., and Glysson, D.G., 1988, Field methods for measurement of
fluvial sediment: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-531, 118 p.
Edwards, T.K., and Glysson, D.G., 1998, Field methods for measurement of
fluvial sediment: Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the
United States Geological Survey, book 3, chap. C2, 80 p.
Gschwend, P.M., Backhus, D.A., MacFarlane, J.K., and Page, A.L., 1990,
Mobilization of colloids in groundwater due to infiltration of water at a
coal ash disposal site: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 6, p.
307-320.
Hach, C.C., Vanous, R.D., and Heer, J.M., 1990, Understanding turbidity
measurement, technical information series--Booklet No. 11, first ed:
Loveland, Colorado, Hach Company, 11 p.
Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, 1994, Turbidity meter tests,
in Instrument News: Stennis Space Center, Miss., U.S. Geological
Survey, Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility, June 1994, p. 11-12.
Kearl, P.M., Korte, N.E., and Cronk, T.A., 1992, Suggested modifications to
ground water sampling procedures based on observations from the colloidal
borescope: Ground Water Monitoring Review, v. 12, no. 2, p. 155-160.
King, Karl, 1991, Four-beam turbidimeter for low NTU waters, in
Water, October 1991, Journal of the Australian Water and Wastewater
Association.
McCluney, W.R., 1975, Radiometry of water turbidity measurements: Water
Pollution Control Federation, v. 47, no. 2, p. 252-266.
McCoy, W.F., and Olson, B.H., 1986, Relationship among turbidity, particle
counts and bacteriological quality within water distribution lines: Water
Research, v. 20, no. 8, p. 1023-1029.
Nightingale, H.I., and Bianchi, W.C., 1977, Ground-water turbidity
resulting from artificial recharge: Ground Water, v. 15, no. 2, p.
146-152.
Pickering, R.J., 1976, Measurement of turbidity and related characteristics
of natural waters: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-153, 13 p.
Puls, R.W., and Powell, R.M., 1992, Acquisition of representative ground
water quality samples for metals: Ground Water Monitoring Review, v. 12,
no. 3, p. 167-176.
Shelton, L.R., 1994, Field guide for collecting and processing stream-water
samples for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 94-455, 42 p.
Shelton, L.R., and Capel, P.D., 1994, Guidelines for collecting and
processing samples of stream bed sediment for analysis of trace elements
and organic contaminants for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-458, 20 p.
Strausberg, S.I., 1983, Turbidity interferes with accuracy in heavy metal
concentrations: Industrial Wastes, v. 29, no. 2, p. 16-21.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1979, Methods for chemical analysis
of water and wastes: EPA/600/4/79/020, p. 180.1-1 to 180.1-3.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1994, Technical notes on drinking
water methods: EPA/600/R-94/173, October 1994, p. 28.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Chemical and physical quality of water and
sediment, chap. 5, in U.S. Geological Survey, National handbook
of recommended methods for water-data acquisition: p. 5-1 to 5-194.
Ward, J.R., and Harr, C.A., 1990, Methods for collection and processing of
surface-water and bed-material samples for physical and chemical analyses:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-140, 71 p.
Wells, M.C., Magaritz, Mordeckai, Ameil, A.J., Rophe, Benjamin, and Ronen,
Daniel, 1989, Determination of in situ metal partitioning between
particulate matter and ground water: Naturwissenchaften, v. 76, no. 12,
p. 568-570.
The following training documents and memorandums are available in U.S.
Geological Survey, Water Resources Division (WRD) offices nationwide. The
technical memorandums listed are available electronically on the World Wide
Web. The URL is:
http://water.usgs.gov/admin/memo.
Technical Memorandums
76.25-t. WATER QUALITY--Analytical methods: microbiological. September 1, 1976.
79.10. ANALYTICAL METHODS--Recommended procedures for calibrating dissolved oxygen meters. March 14, 1979.
81.11. WATER QUALITY--New tables of dissolved oxygen saturation values. May 8, 1981.
81.15. WATER QUALITY--New tables of dissolved oxygen saturation values: amendment of quality of water technical memorandum no. 81. May 27, 1981.
93.10. PROGRAMS AND PLANS--(1) Disposal of petri dishes containing bacteria media, and (2) Aspergillus. April 19, 1993.
91.09. PUBLICATIONS-Quality systems terminology. November 28, 1990.
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