NAME
hspexp - Expert system for calibration of HSPF
ABSTRACT
Interactively allows the user to edit the input uci file for the
Hydrologic Simulation Program--Fortran (HSPF), simulate with HSPF,
produce plots of HSPF output compared to observed values, compute
error statistics for a simulation, and provide the user with expert
advice on which parameters should be changed up or down to improve
the calibration. In general, the user will spend time repeating the
cycle of simulate, compute statistics, see plots, get advice, and
edit the parameters.
METHOD
The expert system uses over 35 rules involving over 80 conditions to
recommend parameter adjustments. The rules are divided into four
phases-- annual volumes, low flows, storm flows, and seasonal flows.
Rules in subsequent phases are not tested until all rules in the
previous phase pass. The rules are based on the experience of
experts in the use of HSPF in a wide range of climates and
physiographic regions.
HISTORY
Artificial intelligence was first used with HSPF on a project at the
Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, Calif., to estimate initial
values for model parameters. HSPEXP is the result of a USGS project
to create an expert system to assist with the calibration of a
watershed model. The prototype was developed with AI software tools
and when properly tuned was converted to ANSI standard Fortran using
the Graphical Kernel System (GKS) for portability.
Version 2.1 1994/07/07 - bug fixes to Version 2.0.
DATA REQUIREMENTS
Meteorologic records of precipitation and estimates of potential
evapotranspiration in a Watershed Data Management (WDM) file are
required for watershed simulation. Air temperature, dew point
temperature, wind, and solar radiation also are required for
snowmelt. Air temperature, wind, solar radiation, humidity, cloud
cover, tillage practices, point sources, and (or) pesticide
applications may be required for water-quality simulation. Physical
measurements and related parameters are required to describe the
land area, channels, and reservoirs.
OUTPUT OPTIONS
Output options include tables of statistics comparing observed and
simulated data, 10 different types of graphical presentations, and
tables of the expert advice. Time-series output from simulation is
placed in the WDM file. Output may be viewed interactively or
written to text files for printing.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
HSPEXP is written in Fortran 77 with the following extension: use of
include files. The NEWATQ, HSPF, HSPNODSS, ANN, WAIDE, AWSTAT,
GRAPH, STATS, AIDE, WDM, ADWDM, and UTIL libraries from LIB are
required to recompile. For more information, see System Requirements
in LIB.
APPLICATIONS
HSPEXP has been used in several workshops and sample watersheds and
on the HSPF applications on the Patuxent River, Md., and Truckee
River, Calif.-Nev.
DOCUMENTATION
Lumb, A.M., McCammon, R.B., and Kittle, J.L., Jr., 1994, Users
manual for an expert system (HSPEXP) for calibration of the
Hydrologic Simulation Program--Fortran: U.S. Geological Survey
Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4168, 102 p.
REFERENCES
Lumb, A.M., and Kittle, J.L., Jr., 1993, Expert system for
calibration and application of watershed models, Proceedings of
the Federal Interagency Workshop on Hydrologic Modeling Demands
for the 90's, Fort Collins, Colo.: U.S. Geological Survey Water-
Resources Investigations Report 93-4018, p. 4-1 to 4-7.
Lumb, A.M., and McCammon, R.B., 1991, Hydro-II--An expert system for
watershed model calibration: Seventh International Conference on
Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology,
Oceanography, and Hydrology, New Orleans, p. 324-327.
TRAINING
Watershed Systems Modeling I (SW2008TC), offered annually at the
USGS National Training Center.
Watershed Systems Modeling II (SW3018TC), offered upon request at
the USGS National Training Center.
River Basin Water-Quality Modeling (ID2146TC), offered annually at
the USGS National Training Center.
CONTACTS
Operation and Distribution:
U.S. Geological Survey
Hydrologic Analysis Software Support Program
437 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
h2osoft@usgs.gov
Official versions of U.S. Geological Survey water-resources analysis
software are available for electronic retrieval via the World Wide
Web (WWW) at:
http://water.usgs.gov/software/
and via anonymous File Transfer Protocol (FTP) from:
water.usgs.gov (path: /pub/software).
The WWW page and anonymous FTP directory from which the HSPEXP
software can be retrieved are, respectively:
http://water.usgs.gov/software/hspexp.html
--and--
/pub/software/surface_water/hspexp
SEE ALSO
annie(1) - Program to list, table, plot data in a WDM file
hspf(1) - Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran
iowdm(1) - Program to store time-series data in a WDM file
wdm(1) - Watershed Data Management system