Ruddy, B.C.
Hitt, K.J.
19900101
Summary of selected characteristics of large reservoirs
1
map
USGS Open-file
90-163
Reston, Virginia, USA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?reservoir
This is a point coverage of dams in the United States and Puerto
Rico, which originally was derived from the national inventory of
dams data base (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1982). The coverage
includes locations of and selected characteristics of approximately
2,700 reservoirs and controlled natural lakes that have normal
capacities of at least 5,000 acre-feet or maximum capacities of at
least 25,000 acre-feet and that were completed as of January 1,
1988.
This coverage is intended as a thematic data layer showing
the location of dams and certain attributes of the structures.
Information contained in the coverage has been used for several
applications. Location, size, and owner of structures are
depicted on a map of surface-water development (Hitt, 1985).
Location and other selected characteristics of structures are
listed in table 3 of Ruddy and Hitt (1990).
The information was the basis for graphics in two National
Water Summary reports. The 1985 National Water Summary shows
maps of surface-water development. The 1987 National Water
Summary shows graphs of cumulative reservoir storage.
Reviews applied to data.
The reviews applied to data for the USGS coverage of dams and
reservoirs is described in detail on pages 2-4 of Ruddy and Hitt
(1990).
The information in this coverage has been reviewed by field
personnel several times. The file initially was reviewed and
verified as part of the compilation of the map of surface-water
development (Hitt, 1985). USGS District Offices, nine other Federal
agencies, and five State agencies reviewed the location, owner, and
size of structures under their jurisdiction. These early reviews
occurred between 1981 and 1984.
Additional reviews of the file were made by USGS District Offices
during the preparation of the State articles for the 1985 and 1987
National Water Summary reports (U.S. Geological Survey, 1986,
1990). During these reviews by the USGS District Offices, data on
the normal and maximum capacities were corrected as necessary by
the reviewing offices.
Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets --
The reservoir data base is composed of several coverages and
supporting files:
a. RESERVOIR -- the main file covering the conterminous United States
b. RESERVOIR_AK -- Alaska (same attributes as RESERVOIR)
c. RESERVOIR_HI -- Hawaii (same attributes as RESERVOIR)
d. RESERVOIR_PR -- Puerto Rico (same attributes as RESERVOIR)
e. RESERVOIR.SIZECODES -- Explanations for SIZECODE attribute:
>SIZECODE DESCRIPTION
>
>2 Normal capacity at least 5000 but less than 25000 ac-ft
>4 Normal capacity at least 25000 but less than 50000 ac-ft
>6 Normal capacity at least 50000 ac-ft
>8 Normal cap less than 5000 and maximum cap at least 25000 ac-ft
f. RESERVOIR.OWNERCODES -- Explanations for OWNERCODE attribute:
>OWNERCODE DESCRIPTION
>
>2 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
>3 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
>4 Tennessee Valley Authority
>5 Other Federal Agency
>6 Non-Federal Agency
g. RESERVOIR.PURPCODES -- Explanations for PURP attribute:
>PURP DESCRIPTION
>
>C FLOOD CONTROL
>D DEBRIS CONTROL
>H HYDROELECTRIC
>I IRRIGATION
>N NAVIGATION
>O OTHER
>P STOCK/FARM POND
>R RECREATION
>S WATER SUPPLY
h. RESERVOIR.STORATCODES -- Explanations for STORATCODE attribute:
>STORATCODE DESCRIPTION
>
>(blank) No information
>1 Not listed in Martin and Hanson
>L Calculated from data in annual reports
>M From data in Martin and Hanson
i. RESERVOIR.SOURCECODES -- Explanations for SOURCE attribute:
>SOURCE DESCRIPTION
>
>A COE FILE
>B CHANGED BY WRD BEFORE MAP REVIEW
>C WRD MAP REVIEW
>D NWS 85 REVIEW
>E NWS 87 REVIEW
>F POST NWS87 FEEDBACK
j. RESERVOIR.SURFACODES -- Explanations for SURFAREACODE attribute:
>1
>SURFACODE =$
>DESCRIPTION1 =Louisiana, Gazetteer of Louisiana lakes and reservoirs
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>2
>SURFACODE =&
>DESCRIPTION1 =Virginia State Water Control Board, Publicly owned lakes in Vi
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>3
>SURFACODE =*
>DESCRIPTION1 =Montana, State Water Conservation Projects
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>4
>SURFACODE =+
>DESCRIPTION1 =Arkansas State Water Plan, Lakes of Arkansa
>DESCRIPTION2 =s
>5
>SURFACODE =2
>DESCRIPTION1 =North Carolina, Register of dams and dam sites in North Caroli
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>6
>SURFACODE =3
>DESCRIPTION1 =South Carolina, State water plan report #119
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>7
>SURFACODE =4
>DESCRIPTION1 =USGS personnel in that state
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>8
>SURFACODE =5
>DESCRIPTION1 =Michigan Department of Natural Resources
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>9
>SURFACODE =6
>DESCRIPTION1 =Colorado State Engineer's Office computer printout
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>10
>SURFACODE =7
>DESCRIPTION1 =Montana Department of Natural Resources
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>11
>SURFACODE =8
>DESCRIPTION1 =Duke Power Company; information for North and South Carolina
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>12
>SURFACODE ==
>DESCRIPTION1 =Arizona Department of Water Resources
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>13
>SURFACODE =?
>DESCRIPTION1 =UNKNOWN
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>14
>SURFACODE =A
>DESCRIPTION1 =Tennessee Valley Authority, Facts about major TVA dams and res
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>15
>SURFACODE =B
>DESCRIPTION1 =Water and Power Resources Service, Bureau of Reclamation proje
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>16
>SURFACODE =C
>DESCRIPTION1 =The California State Water Project--Current activities and fut
>DESCRIPTION2 =plans
>17
>SURFACODE =D
>DESCRIPTION1 =Dams within the jurisdiction of the State of California
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>18
>SURFACODE =F
>DESCRIPTION1 =Fish and Wildlife Service, Inventory of U.S. reservoirs
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>19
>SURFACODE =H
>DESCRIPTION1 =New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>20
>SURFACODE =I
>DESCRIPTION1 =Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Wisconsin Lakes, Pu
>DESCRIPTION2 =7-3600(75), 1975, 80 p.
>21
>SURFACODE =K
>DESCRIPTION1 =Oklahoma water atlas
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>22
>SURFACODE =L
>DESCRIPTION1 =USGS publications
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>23
>SURFACODE =M
>DESCRIPTION1 =Martin and Hanson
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>24
>SURFACODE =N
>DESCRIPTION1 =State of Minnesota, Department of Natural Resources, Division
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>25
>SURFACODE =O
>DESCRIPTION1 =Gaggiani and others, Hydrology of Area 59, Northern Great Plai
>DESCRIPTION2 =and Rocky Mountain coal provinces
>26
>SURFACODE =Q
>DESCRIPTION1 =Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources, State Wate
>DESCRIPTION2 =Water Use Data System Computer Pull 4
>27
>SURFACODE =R
>DESCRIPTION1 =Florida Board of Conservation, Division of Water Resources,
>DESCRIPTION2 =Florida Lakes, Part III Gazetteer, Tallahassee, FL 1969
>28
>SURFACODE =S
>DESCRIPTION1 =Statistical compilation of engineering features on Bureau of
>DESCRIPTION2 =Reclamation projects
>29
>SURFACODE =T
>DESCRIPTION1 =Dams and reservoirs in Texas, Texas Water Commission bulletin
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>30
>SURFACODE =U
>DESCRIPTION1 =Wolcott, Ernest E., Lakes of Washington Volumes 1 and 2
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>31
>SURFACODE =V
>DESCRIPTION1 =Mussey, O.D., 1948, Major storage reservoirs of Virginia
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>32
>SURFACODE =W
>DESCRIPTION1 =Reservoirs in the United States with largest areas as of Jan 1
>DESCRIPTION2 =1963 as listed in WSP 1838
>33
>SURFACODE =X
>DESCRIPTION1 =Miscellaneous sources as found by Lisa Arnold
>DESCRIPTION2 =
>34
>SURFACODE =Y
>DESCRIPTION1 =Kentucky Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Cabine
>DESCRIPTION2 =and restoration assessments of KY lakes, final report, April 1
>35
>SURFACODE =Z
>DESCRIPTION1 =Martin and Hanson reservoirs for which maximum capacities have
>DESCRIPTION2 =changed; used the data from the Corps file
Other_References_Cited.
Hitt, K.J.,compiler, 1985, Surface-water and related-land resources
development in the United States and Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological
Survey special map, scale 1:3,168,000.
Ruddy, B.C. and Hitt, K.J., 1990, Selected characteristics of
large reservoirs in the United States and Puerto Rico, 1988:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-163, 295 p.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1982, National inventory of dams data
base in card format (computer tape), available from National
Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22162, #ADA 118670.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, National Water Summary 1985--
Hydrologic events and surface-water resources: U.S. Geological
Survey Water-Supply Paper 2300, 506 p.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1990, National Water Summary 1987--
Hydrologic events and water supply and use: U.S. Geological
Survey Water-Supply Paper 2350, 553 p.
19910101
publication date
None planned
-127.02690054
-65.77590162
48.13274076
23.64382159
None
Dams
Reservoirs
Reservoir capacity
Reservoir storage
Surface water
United States
Puerto Rico
inlandWaters
None
The capacity of certain reservoirs may be smaller than what is listed
in the coverage because of sedimentation.
U.S. Geological Survey
mailing address
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 413
Reston
VA
20192
USA
1-888-275-8747
kjhitt@usgs.gov
Please use email.
http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/reservoir.gif
Illlustration of data set
GIF
dgux, 5.4R3.10, AViiON UNIX, ARC/INFO version 7.0.4
See supplemental information.
See supplemental information.
The source of data for the USGS coverage of dams and reservoirs
is described in detail on pages 2-4 of Ruddy and Hitt (1990).
In 1981, USGS undertook a project to map surface-water development
in the United States. USGS adopted the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers national inventory of dams (1982) as the source of
information for the map. USGS selected about 2,700 structures
from the Corps file and transferred selected attributes about
the structures to its own file. Information in the USGS file
underwent several reviews (see below).
The digital data file was converted to ARC/INFO format in 1983.
(The actual coverage was not used in publishing the map of water
development.) The ARC/INFO GENERATE command was applied to the
latitude/longitude values in the tabular digital file to create a
point coverage. Then the attributes were joined to the point attribute
table.
The file was enhanced by adding information on surface area,
drainage area, storage ratios, accounting unit, and cataloging
unit.
Selected characteristics of large reservoirs contained in the
coverage were published in Ruddy and Hitt (1990). This report, the
map of surface-water development, and the digital coverage
complement each other.
1991
Revision 1 represents numerous corrections made to
the USGS reservoir data from the construction of the initial
digital file in 1981 through the publication of Ruddy and
Hitt in 1990.
19910101
Vector
Point
2708
Albers Conical Equal Area
29.5
45.5
-96
23
0.0
0.0
coordinate pair
1.0
1.0
meters
NAD 1927
Clarke 1866
6378206.4
294.978
RESERVOIR.PAT
Main reservoir file for 48 United States
COE dams inventory
AREA
Degenerate area of point
Computed
0
n/a
n/a
PERIMETER
Degenerate perimeter of point
Assigned
0
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR#
Internal feature number
Computed
Sequential unique positive integer
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR-ID
User-assigned feature number
User-defined; equal to COVER# or arbitrary
Integer
n/a
n/a
FIPS
County FIPS code
Derived from COE dams inventory
01001-78000
n/a
n/a
STATE
State FIPS abbreviation
COE dams inventory
2 character codes for US & PR
n/a
n/a
NUM
Arbitrary sequence number of dams within each state
Assigned by USGS
Integer
n/a
n/a
DAMNAME
Name of dam
COE dams inventory
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
RESNAME
Name of reservoir
COE dams inventory
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
OWNERNAME
Name of owner
COE dams inventory
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
OWNERCODE
Owner code. See RESERVOIR.OWNERCODES file for explanation
Assigned by USGS
2,3,4,5,6
n/a
n/a
SIZECODE
Size code. See RESERVOIR.SIZECODES file for explanation
Assigned by USGS
2,4,6,8
n/a
n/a
MAXCAP
Maximum capacity, in acre-feet
COE dams inventory
No restrictions. -999999 = unknown
n/a
n/a
NORMCAP
Normal capacity, in acre-feet
COE dams inventory
No restrictions. -999999 = unknown
n/a
n/a
SURFCAP
Capacity used to calculate surface area
Assigned by USGS
No restrictions. -999999 = unknown
n/a
n/a
POPNAME
Popular name of dam
COE dams inventory
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
HUC
Hydrologic Unit Code
HUC2 & HUC4 from COE; HUC6 & HUC8 from USGS
01010001-21030003
n/a
n/a
RIVER
Name of river on which dam is built
COE dams inventory
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
YEAR
Year completed
COE dams inventory
No restrictions. 0 if unknown.
n/a
n/a
PURP
Major purpose/use of dam. See RESERVOIR.PURPCODES file for explanation
COE dams inventory
C,D,H,I,N,O,P,R,S
n/a
n/a
HEIGHT
Structural height of dam, in feet
COE dams inventory
No restrictions. 0 if unknown.
n/a
n/a
HYDCAP
Installed power capacity, in megawatts
COE dams inventory
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
LOCKS
Number of navigation locks
COE dams inventory
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
SOURCE
Source of changes to file. See RESERVOIR.SOURCECODES file for explanation
Assigned by USGS for internal use only
A,B,C,D,E
n/a
n/a
SURFAREA
Surface area, in acres
Assigned by USGS
No restrictions. 0 = unknown.
n/a
n/a
SURFACODE
Surface area code. See RESERVOIR.SURFACODES file for explanation
Assigned by USGS
Alpha and numeric
n/a
n/a
STORAT
Storage ratio (ratio of usable capacity to average annual runoff)
Assigned by USGS
No restrictions. 0 = not assigned.
n/a
n/a
STORATCODE
Storage ratio code. See RESERVOIR.STORATCODES file for explanation
Assigned by USGS
1,L,M
n/a
n/a
DRAINAREA
Drainage area, in square miles
Assigned by USGS
No restrictions. 0 = not assigned.
n/a
n/a
STLINE
Flag if dam is on state line
User assigned
0=within state; 1=on state line
n/a
n/a
ALTST
Adjacent state FIPS abbreviation
User assigned
2 character code for US & PR
n/a
n/a
ALTID
Alternate id no.; for 1987 water summary fig.1 graphs
User assigned
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
REV
Revision number
Assigned by USGS
No restrictions.
n/a
n/a
LATDD
Latitude
ARC/INFO Geographic projection
decimal degrees
n/a
n/a
LONDD
Longitude
ARC/INFO Geographic projection
decimal degrees
n/a
n/a
FIPSST
State FIPS code
Derived from COE dams inventory
01-72
n/a
n/a
FIPSCNTY
County FIPS code within state
COE dams inventory
Integer
n/a
n/a
HUC2
Water resources region
COE dams inventory
Redefined field
n/a
n/a
HUC4
Water resources subregion
COE inventory
Redefined field
n/a
n/a
HUC6
Water resources accounting unit
Assigned by USGS
Redefined field
n/a
n/a
STATENUM
State + sequence number
Assigned by USGS
Redefined field
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR.OWNERCODES
Explanation of owner codes
Main file
OWNERCODE
Owner code from main file
Main file
2,3,4,5,6
n/a
n/a
DESCRIPTION
Description of owner codes
Main file
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR.PURPCODES
Explanation of purpose codes
Main file
PURP
Purpose code from main file
Main file
C,D,H,I,N,O,P,R,S
n/a
n/a
DESCRIPTION
Description of purpose codes
Main file
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR.SIZECODES
Explanation of size codes
Main file
SIZECODE
Size code from main file
Main file
2,4,6,8
n/a
n/a
DESCRIPTION
Description of size codes
Main file
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR.SURFACODES
Explanation of surface area codes
Main file
SURFACODE
Surface area code from main file
Main file
Alpha and numeric
n/a
n/a
DESCRIPTION1
Description of surface area codes (sources of data)
Main file
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
DESCRIPTION2
Description of surface area codes (sources of data)
Main file
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR.STORATCODES
Explanation of storage ratio codes
Main file
STORATCODE
Storage ratio code from main file
Main file
1,L,M,blank
n/a
n/a
DESCRIPTION
Description of storage ratio codes (sources of data)
Main file
No restrictions
n/a
n/a
RESERVOIR.SOURCECODES
Explanation of source codes
USGS
SOURCE
Source code from main file
Main file
A B C D E
n/a
n/a
DESCRIPTION
Explanation of source codes
USGS
-
n/a
n/a
Most of the attributes were transferred directly from fields in the
national inventory of dams (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1982).
Some attributes were added to reclassify items into broad
categories that were easier to process while preparing the map of
surface-water development. Several attributes were added for
programming or documentation purposes and a few were added
to expand the database. Most of the attributes are explained
on pages 13-16 of Ruddy and Hitt (1990).
The attributes that were added to reclassify items into broad
ategories are: OWNERCODE, SIZECODE, SURFACODE, STORATCODE.
The codes listed in these attributes are explained in suppporting
tables: RESERVOIR.OWNERCODES, RESERVOIR.SIZECODES,
RESERVOIR.SURFACODES, RESERVOIR.STORATCODES. (See section 7.)
The attributes that were added for programming are: STLINE,
ALTST, and ALTID. These fields were used in calculating
cumulative reservoir storage for the 1985 National Water
Summary. SOURCE and REV were added for documentation. The
RESERVOIR.SOURCECODES table explains the SOURCE codes.
The attributes that were added to expand the database were SURFAREA,
DRAINAREA, STORAT, water resources accounting unit (HUC4), and
water resources cataloging unit (HUC).
Latitude and longitude were not maintained in the original ARC/INFO
coverage because ARC/INFO keeps track of the locations automatically.
However, many people requesting the data wanted latitude/longitude.
The coverage was PROJECTED to the geographic system, and latitude/
longitude values were obtained by the ARC/INFO UNGENERATE command.
Codes for PURP (purpose) are:
>C FLOOD CONTROL
>
>D DEBRIS CONTROL
>
>H HYDROELECTRIC
>
>I IRRIGATION
>
>N NAVIGATION
>
>O OTHER
>
>P STOCK/FARM POND
>
>R RECREATION
>
>S WATER SUPPLY
Not available.
U.S. Geological Survey
Ask USGS - Water Webserver Team
mailing
445 National Center
Reston
VA
20192
1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS)
http://answers.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/gsanswers?pemail=h2oteam&subject=GIS+Dataset+reservoir
Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological
Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or
implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy
of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not
constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by
the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or
related materials.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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tar zipped
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None. This dataset is provided by USGS as a public service.
20041108
U.S. Geological Survey
Ask USGS -- Water Webserver Team
mailing
445 National Center
Reston
VA
20192
1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS)
http://answers.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/gsanswers?pemail=h2oteam&subject=GIS+Dataset+reservoir
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998