Battaglin, W.A., and Goolsby, D.A. 1994 1.0 Series_Name WRIR-94 Issue_Identification 4176 Lakewood, CO USGS http://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?herbicide4 Battaglin, W. A.; Goolsby, D. A. 1995 report U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigative Report WRIR 944176 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/wri944176 This coverage contains estimates of herbicide use for the sixty-first through the eightieth most-used herbicides in the conterminous United States as reported in Gianessi and Puffer (1991). Herbicide-use estimates in this coverage are reported for each county polygon as acres treated, pounds of active ingredient used, and pounds used per square mile. The herbicide-use estimates provided by Gianessi and Puffer (1991) list acres treated and pounds of active ingredient applied for a given crop in each county for which use has been estimated. Cropping data are from the 1987 Census of Agriculture, and are subject to occasional suppressions of acreage estimates at the county level due to problems of confidentiality and census disclosure rules. The herbicide-use estimates included in this coverage are totals of use on all crops treated in a given county. The polygons representing county boundaries in the conterminous United States, as well as lakes, estuaries, and other nonland-area features were derived from the Digital Line Graph (DLG) files representing the 1:2,000,000-scale map in the National Atlas of the United States (1970). Herbicides Herbicide use Counties United States The herbicide-use estimates in this coverage are intended for use as a means for estimating regional herbicide use, and for producing maps showing relative rates of herbicide use across broad regions of the United States. Procedures_Used: HERBICIDE-USE DATA An automated procedure was developed to process the raw herbicide-use data into ARC/INFO coverage attributes. The procedure is summarized below: (1) copy county2m coverage to coverage called herbicide%#%, and (2) run the AML herbadd.aml for each herbicide to be added. The herbadd.aml program runs a fortran program to total estimates of herbicide use on all crops by county, then processes these data, finally adding them as three columns of attribute data to the county coverage. Other programs were developed to calculate summary statistics of the herbicide-attribute data and to produce maps that show attribute values across the United States. COUNTY BOUNDARIES This series of maps was published as part of the National Atlas of the United States (U.S.Geological Survey, 1970). The maps for the conterminous United States were digitized in 15 sheets and published in the Digital Line Graph (DLG) format as described by Domeratz and others (1983). Each sheet was prepared by reading the DLG files of the political and water-bodies layers, converting them to ARC/INFO; extracting the county boundaries and the coastline, respectively; and joining the two layers. FIPS codes were assigned to all polygons by using available sources and were checked manually. Boundaries with adjacent sheets of the 15-sheet set were edgematched manually; one of the sheets was chosen arbitrarily as the "correct" border. Egematching operations were used to adjust the linework as far as was necessary so that the coverages would fit to a tolerance of 100 meters (328.1 feet). The coverage (referred to herein as Version 1.0) was stored as 49 separate coverages (48 States and the District of Columbia) because the ARC/INFO software in use at the time could not process the entire coverage. Individual States could be joined by specifying a tolerance of 100 meters. From time to time, adjustments were made to the State coverages to reflect changes in counties. The accuracy of these adjustments is believed to be comparable to that of the original linework. For Version 2.0, all State coverages were rejoined and manually edited to produce a perfect edgematch between all States. For States on the original map-sheet boundaries, this adjustment averaged less than 20 meters and in no case was more than 100 meters. The whole coverage was CLEANed to a tolerance of 20 meters (65.6 feet), which resulted in few, if any, effects on small offshore islands. The coverage also was checked to ensure that it represented current counties or county equivalents. The coverage in Version 1.0 ended at the coastline. No attempt was made to depict offshore areas. This created problems when the coverage was used to assign county codes to sampling stations located near the coast. To help in this matter, Version 2.0 includes offshore extensions of the county polygons. The (water) boundaries of many of these polygons are arbitrary. The Canadian Great Lakes features are another new addition to Version 2.0. They were added to improve the utility of the coverage for visual displays. Although the Canadian Great Lakes are represented logically by a single polygon, practical considerations--the inability of some software to plot polygons with a large number of vertices--made it necessary to separate them into four polygons. The dividing lines are located in narrow channels to minimize interference with plotting patterns. Canadian islands within the Great Lakes also were included. All tick marks were relocated to places that are easily visible on maps of the United States, to help in registering maps that otherwise may not have adequate registration information. To expedite accessing parts of the coverage, certain items have been indexed with the procedure INDEX_COUNTY.AML. See Section 3 above. A spatial index also was created. When this coverage is used to clip or intersect other coverages, a tolerance as low as 2 meters (6.6 feet) can be used. The processing used to derive this coverage moved boundaries from their positions on the original maps. In cases of conflicting lines, preference was given to forming the correct topology. Strictly speaking, this coverage is not identical to the source materials. These changes were unavoidable in producing a continuous coverage of the conterminous United States. Revisions: COUNTY POLYGON DATA Revision 1.0, 12/17/90. This revision represents many corrections and minor modifications made to this set of coverages from its construction in 1985 through the revision date. Revision 2.0, 3/18/91. Major reworking of the coverage, combining all State coverages. Reviews_Applied_to_Data: The herbicide-use data-processing procedure and attribute data have been peer reviewed in 1993 by Leonard Orzol and Barbara Ruddy, U.S. Geological Survey hydrologists. The herbicide-use estimates prepared by Gianessi and Puffer (1991) were compared with National estimates provided by the Office of Pesticide Programs of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and were reviewed by more than 20 individuals from the companies that registered the chemicals. The county boundaries in this coverage were not reviewed formally. They have, however, been used in numerous applications where serious errors would have been obvious. Some State coverages were corrected following such use. The offshore polygon extensions and the Canadian Great Lakes polygons have not been reviewed. Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets: This coverage is part of series of 1:2,000,000-scale base maps that cover the United States. Also available are: COUNTY--County boundaries. STATE--State boundaries (formed from COUNTY). WATERBOD--Water Bodies. STREAM--Streams. HUC--Hydrologic cataloging units (basins). Other_References_Cited: Domeratz, M. A., Hallam, C. A., Schmidt, W. E., and Calkins, H. W., 1983, USGS digital cartographic data standards--Digital line graphs from 1:2,000,000-scale maps: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 895-D, 38 p. Gianessi, Leonard P. and Puffer, Cynthia, 1991, Herbicide use in the United States: Washington, D.C., Resources for the Future, December 1990 (revised April 1991), 128 p. Nebert, Douglas D.,1994, Design of the distributed spatial data library for the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, 94-327, 30 p. U.S. Department of Commerce, 1989a, Census of agriculture, 1987--Final county file: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, [machine-readable data file] U.S. Department of Commerce, 1989b, Census of agriculture, 1987--Final county file technical documentation: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Data User Services Division. U.S. Geological Survey, 1970, National atlas of the United States of America: Washington, D.C., U. S. Geological Survey, 417 p. Notes: DOCUMENTATION The documentation for this coverage was generated by using the ARC macro language (AML) program document.aml available from the U.S. Geological Survey (Nebert, 1994). 0000 (Here you put information defining how the time period of content information, on the DOC file, was determined) Complete (Here you pick one of the following entries that describes how often changes or additions are made to the data set. Pick one, and delete the rest) Continually Daily Weekly Monthly Annually Unknown As Needed Irregular None planned -128.07002717 -65.25698378 48.26194027 22.67774911 None Herbicide use estimates for counties in the United States inlandWaters None Conterminous United States None None None None (describe any restrictions or legal prerequisites for accessing the data set. Put "None" if there are no restrictions) HERBICIDE-USE DATA Estimates of herbicide use by county were generated by Gianessi and Puffer (1991) by using the following procedure: (1) collect statistics by State, by crop, on percentage of acres treated with a given herbicide, and average annual application rate of the herbicide from surveys sent to Extension Service weed scientists in 1987 and 1989; (2) augment survey data with published information from some States; (3) establish herbicide-use profiles, by State, by crop, containing the percentage of acres treated, and average annual application rates; (4) apply data in herbicide-use profiles to county-level crop-acreage estimates from the 1987 Census of Agriculture (U.S. Department of Commerce, 1989a); and (5) tabulate pounds of active ingredient of herbicides used by crop, by county. Eighty-four crops were profiled, resulting in usage estimates for 96 herbicide active ingredients. This coverage contains estimates of use for the sixty-first through the eightieth the most-used herbicides in the conterminous United States. Although crop-acreage data represent the 1987 growing year, the herbicide-use estimates generally reflect 1989 usage amounts (Gianessi and Puffer, 1991). Estimates of herbicide use by county were generated from a combination of data collected from surveys of weed scientists and from surveys of farmers. Herbicide-use profile data were generated from ancillary data sources or were calculated from profiles in neighboring states when no responses to surveys or published reports were available (Gianessi and Puffer, 1991). Sampling and statistics were used to account for nonresponding farm operations. Thus, the information describing crop acreages is subject to sampling variability as well as reporting and coverage errors (U.S. Department of Commerce, 1989b). Census disclosure rules also prevent the publication of information that would disclose the operation of individual farms. Before herbicide-use estimates entered into this coverage, the total use of individual herbicides on all crops for each county was calculated. COUNTY BOUNDARIES The original files for this map were provided in 15 sections. Boundaries near the edges of sections have been adjusted in edgematching. Polygons that extend into the water (an ocean or the Great Lakes) should be considered arbitrary. William A. Battaglin U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Div. (WRD) Hydrologist, Office of the Regional Hydrologist mailing address

P.O. Box 25046, Denver Federal Center, Bldg. 25

Lakewood CO 80225 USA 1-888-275-8747 303-236-5959 wbattagl@usgs.gov 8:00am-4:30pm MST Please contact thru email http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/herbicide4.gif Illlustration of data set GIF (Here you acknowledge the agencies and organizations that gave you money, resources, and encouragement to digitize the data and to enter all this wonderful metadata.) None Unclassified None dgux, 5.4R3.10, AViiON UNIX, ARC/INFO version 7.0.4 See Entity_Attribute_Information See Explanation Attribute accuracy is described, where present, with each attribute defined in the Entity and Attribute Section. Polygon and chain-node topology present. (Information in wordy narrative form describing omissions, selection criteria, generalization, definitions used, and other rules applied to derive the data set) (An explanation of the accuracy of the horizontal coordinate measurements and a description of tests used, if any, to determine horizontal positional accuracy. This is different from horizontal resolution as reported in the DOC file. Positional accuracy defines how correctly the digital features match real-world features and woiuld be related to the concept of the National Map Accuracy Standard -- xx% of well-defined point features fall within xx units of their true position. The resolution is the smallest unit of measure the GIS can reliably manage without truncation or rounding.) approx. 1 km Resolution as reported (The same as above, but for vertical information that may be encoded with the 2-D features such as cell or contour estimates of a vertical dimension. A description of the contour interval of input data and its basis could be described here.) Unspecified 0000 2,000,000 Unspecified 0000 Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified RESELECT COUNTY2M COUNTY.NEW POLY None 19911112 1528 None LABELERRORS COUNTY.NEW None 19911112 1529 None LABELERRORS COUNTY.NEW None 19911112 1556 None EXTERNALALL None 19911112 1721 None RENAME COUNTY.NEW COUNTY2M None 19911113 1249 None CREATELABELS COUNTY2M 5000 None 19911115 1656 None EXTERNALALL None 19911204 1410 None COPY COUNTY2M /ARC3/WORK/LIB/COUNTY2M None 19920102 0833 None COPY /ARC3/WORK/LIB/COUNTY2M COUNTY.AG None 19920102 1527 None RENAME COUNTY.AG CNTY.AG None 19920102 1527 None COPY /ARC3/WORK/CNTY.AG COUNTY2M None 19920107 1423 None EXPORT COVER COUNTY2M COUNTY2M None 19920117 1350 None COPY /ARC3/WORK/LIB/COUNTY2M COUNTY2M None 19920121 1549 None BUILD COUNTY2M POLY None 19920121 1615 None ARCEDIT /ARC3/WORK/COUNTY2M None 19920122 0948 None BUILD COUNTY2M POLY None 19920122 0956 None IDEDIT COUNTY2M POLY None 19920122 1101 None COPY COUNTY2M /ARC3/WORK/LIB/COUNTY2M None 19920122 1102 None IDEDIT COUNTY2M POLY None 19920330 1537 None EXPORT COVER COUNTY2M COUNTY2M None 19920608 1103 None ARCEDIT /ARC3/WORK/LIB/COUNTY2M None 19920803 1748 None BUILD COUNTY2M POLY None 19920803 1758 None CLEAN COUNTY2M # 2 2 POLY None 19920803 1846 None COPY COUNTY2M /WB2/DB/USA/COUNTY2M None 19920804 0919 None COPY /WB2/DB/USA/COUNTY2M HERBICIDE4 None 19921231 1257 None DOCUMENT HERBICIDE4 DELETE WBATTAGL None 19930401 0931 None DOCUMENT HERBICIDE4 COPY /ARC3/EPA1/RFF/HERBICIDE3 WBATTAGL None 19930401 0932 None DOCUMENT HERBICIDE4 UPDATE WBATTAGL None 19930401 1017 None DOCUMENT HERBICIDE4 UPDATE WBATTAGL None 19930401 1044 None DOCUMENT HERBICIDE4 UPDATE WBATTAGL None 19930403 1151 None EXPORT COVER HERBICIDE4 HERBICIDE4 None 19930413 1657 None COPY /ARC3/EPA1/RFF/HERBICIDE4 HERBICIDE4 None 19941220 0940 None PROJECTDEFINE COVER HERBICIDE4 None 19941220 0942 None DOCUMENT HERBICIDE4 UPDATE WBATTAGL None 19941220 1022 None EXPORT COVER HERBICIDE4 HERBICIDE4 None 19941220 1042 None DOCUMENT HERBICIDE4 UPDATE WBATTAGL None 19941230 1005 None MNEGRI IMPORT COVER HERBICIDE4.E00 HERBICIDE4 None 19950308 1322 None Unspecified None 19950308 1335 None MNEGRI EXPORT COVER HERBICIDE4 HERBICIDE4.E00 None 19950309 1833 None MNEGRI ARCSDTS HERBICIDE4 HERBICIDE4.TAR.GZ PREF None 19950309 1849 None MNEGRI EXPORT COVER HERBICIDE4 /SCRATCH_AREA1/MNEGRI/HERBICIDE4.E00 NONE None 19950919 1658 None MNEGRI EXPORT COVER /DSDL1/CUSA/TILES/CUSA/HERBICIDE4 HERBICIDE4.E00 None 19960624 0856 None MNEGRI EXPORT COVER /DSDL1/CUSA/TILES/CUSA/HERBICIDE4 HERBICIDE4.E00 None 19960625 1126 None Vector Point 4787 String 11926 GT-polygon composed of chains 4788 Albers Conical Equal Area 29.5 45.5 -96 23 0.0 0.0 coordinate pair 1.0 1.0 METERS Unknown Clarke 1866 6378206.4 294.98 HERBICIDE4.PAT Polygon attribute table ARC/INFO file AREA Area of polygon in square coverage units (meters) Computed Positive real numbers unspecified unspecified PERIMETER Perimeter of polygon in coverage units (meters) Computed Positive real numbers unspecified unspecified HERBICIDE4# Internal feature number Computed Sequential unique positive integer unspecified unspecified HERBICIDE4-ID User-assigned feature number User-defined Integer unspecified unspecified FIPS 5-digit County FIPS code Federal Information Processing Standard 01001 - 56998, none = 0 unspecified unspecified ST two-character state abbreviation U.S. Postal Service AL - WY, none = blank unspecified unspecified CNTYNAME County name U.S. Geological Survey Files upper-case alphanumeric, none = blank unspecified unspecified PLYTYPE polygon type: 0=county land, others are lakes, estuaries, etc. see narrative 0-4,9 unspecified unspecified WORKB variable for data processing n/a any integer unspecified unspecified AREA.ACRES total county land area (all polygons) in acres calculated from area of polygons with like FIPS code and PLYTYPE=0 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1109.ACR acres treated with terbacil Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1109.LBS pounds of terbacil used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1109.USE rate of terbacil use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H2070.ACR acres treated with hexazinone Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2070.LBS pounds of hexazinone used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2070.USE rate of hexazinone use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H9000.ACR acres treated with imazethapyr Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9000.LBS pounds of imazethapyr used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9000.USE rate of imazethapyr use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H9012.ACR acres treated with ethofumesate Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9012.LBS pounds of ethofumesate used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9012.USE rate of ethofumesate use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H2250.ACR acres treated with pyrazon Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2250.LBS pounds of pyrazon used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2250.USE rate of pyrazon use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2158.ACR acres treated with propham Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2158.LBS pounds of propham used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2158.USE rate of propham use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H9096.ACR acres treated with methazole Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9096.LBS pounds of methazole used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9096.USE rate of methazole use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H4008.ACR acres treated with chlorimuron Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H4008.LBS pounds of chlorimuron used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H4008.USE rate of chlorimuron use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1374.ACR acres treated with difenzoquat Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1374.LBS pounds of difenzoquat used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1374.USE rate of difenzoquat use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1183.ACR acres treated with chlorpropham Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1183.LBS pounds of chlorpropham used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1183.USE rate of chlorpropham use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1888.ACR acres treated with pronamide Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1888.LBS pounds of pronamide used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1888.USE rate of pronamid use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H4010.ACR acres treated with fomesafen Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H4010.LBS pounds of fomesafen used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H4010.USE rate of fomesafen use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H4007.ACR acres treated with tridiphane Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H4007.LBS pounds of tridiphane used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H4007.USE rate of tridiphane use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1948.ACR acres treated with endothall Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1948.LBS pounds of endothall used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1948.USE rate of endothall use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1982.ACR acres treated with ametryn Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1982.LBS pounds of ametryn used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1982.USE rate of ametryn use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H2220.ACR acres treated with phenmedipham Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2220.LBS pounds of phenmedipham used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H2220.USE rate of phenmediphan use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1950.ACR acres treated with diquat Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1950.LBS pounds of diquat used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1950.USE rate of diquat use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H9014.ACR acres treated with desmedipham Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9014.LBS pounds of desmedipham used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9014.USE rate of desmedipham use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H1309.ACR acres treated with bifenox Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1309.LBS pounds of bifenox used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H1309.USE rate of bifenox use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified H9016.ACR acres treated with diallate Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9016.LBS pounds of diallate used Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.0 unspecified unspecified H9016.USE rate of diallate use in county polygon in pounds per square mile Gianessi and Puffer, 1991 numeric values greater than 0, missing = -99.000 unspecified unspecified FIPSST two-digit state FIPS code Federal Information Processing Standard 01 - 56, none = 0 unspecified unspecified FIPSCNTY three-digit county FIPS code Federal Information Processing Standard 001 - 998, none = 0 unspecified unspecified HERBICIDE4.AAT Line attribute table ARC/INFO file FNODE# Internal number of from-node Computed Sequential unique positive integer unspecified unspecified TNODE# Internal number of to-node Computed Sequential unique positive integer unspecified unspecified LPOLY# Internal number of polygon to left of arc Computed Sequential unique positive integer unspecified unspecified RPOLY# Internal number of polygon to right of arc Computed Sequential unique positive integer unspecified unspecified LENGTH Length of arc in coverage units (meters) Computed Positive real numbers unspecified unspecified HERBICIDE4# Internal feature number Computed Sequential unique positive integer unspecified unspecified HERBICIDE4-ID User-assigned feature number User-defined Integer unspecified unspecified BNDTYPE boundary type see narrative 0-8 unspecified unspecified HERBICIDE-USE ATTRIBUTES Herbicide-use attributes are from tabular data files provided by Gianessi and Puffer (1991). Three attributes are added to an ARC/INFO coverage for each of the 96 herbicides. Attributes with names ending in .ACR are estimates of the number of acres treated with a given herbicide. Attributes with names ending in .LBS are estimates of the number of pounds of active ingredient applied of a given herbicide. Attributes ending in .USE are estimates of a county-level herbicide-use rate in pounds per square mile. Attribute names are keyed to four-digit herbicide code numbers provided in the table below. A ranking of national herbicide-use amounts (Gianessi and Puffer, 1991) was used to divide herbicide-use data into five coverages (herbicide1, herbicide2, herbicide3, herbicide4, and herbicide5) Table 1. Herbicide codes for herbicide4 coverage Code Herbicide _______________________ 1109 Terbacil 2070 Hexazinone 9000 Imazethapyr 9012 Ethofumesate 2250 Pyrazon 2158 Propham 9096 Methazole 4008 Chlorimuron 1374 Difenzoquat 1183 Chlorpropham 1888 Pronamide 4010 Fomesafen 4007 Tridiphane 1948 Endothall 1982 Ametryn 2220 Phenmedipham 1950 Diquat 9014 Desmedipham 1309 Bifenox 9016 Diallate _______________________ Herbicide-use estimates in counties represented by one polygon are equal to county totals. For counties described by more than one polygon, attribute values are provided for each polygon and are calculated as the county total multiplied by the ratio of the area of each county polygon divided by total area of the county. A missing-value code of -99.0 is used when no herbicide-attribute data are given for a county and for all nonland-area polygons. The missing-value code can indicate any of the following conditions: -- herbicide use not present in county (for example, no atrazine used in county) -- crop data withheld because of census disclosure rules -- crop data not available to the census -- crop data not published because county contains fewer than 10 farms. COUNTY POLYGON ATTRIBUTES Each county is identified by a five-digit Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) code. The first two digits represent the State and the three remaining represent the county within the State. County names (in upper case) and the two-character State abbreviation also are included. All polygons are coded by polygon type (PLYTYPE) as follows: 0 = U.S. land. 1 = Extensions of counties into the ocean and estuaries. Some boundaries may be arbitrary. 2 = U.S. Great Lakes. Some boundaries between counties may be arbitrary. 3 = Canadian Great Lakes. 4 = Canadian islands in Great Lakes, included for visual cartographic purposes. 9 = External polygon. All arcs are coded by boundary type (BNDTYPE) as follows: 0 = Coastline of United States. 1 = State-State border located on land. 2 = County-county border, within State, located on land. 3 = State-State border located on the ocean, an estuary, or a Great Lake. Some of these borders are arbitrary. 4 = County-county border, with State, but located on an ocean, an estuary, or Great Lake. Some of these borders are arbitrary. 5 = International border located on land. 6 = International border located on water. 7 = Canadian shoreline of the Great Lakes. 8 = Arbitrary separation line between the Canadian portions of the Great Lakes. 9 = Closure line with the external polygon. This is arbitrary. All BNDTYPE values are determined from the adjoining polygons by the routine INDEX_COUNTY.AML. The coverage is indexed (ARC: INDEXITEM) on FIPS code, State FIPS code, State abbreviation, county name, polygon type, and boundary type. Not Available U.S. Geological Survey Ask USGS - Water Webserver Team mailing

445 National Center

Reston VA 20192 1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS) http://water.usgs.gov/user_feedback_form.html Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Export Full coverage zipped 1 http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/dsdl/herbicide4.e00.gz SDTS Full coverage zipped 1 http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/dsdl/herbicide4.sdts.tgz None. This dataset is provided by USGS as a public service. 20041108 U.S. Geological Survey Ask USGS -- Water Webserver Team mailing

445 National Center

Reston VA 20192 1-888-275-8747 (1-888-ASK-USGS) http://answers.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/gsanswers?pemail=h2oteam&subject=GIS+Dataset+herbicide4 FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998